Methodologies for Research and Evaluation of Policy and Programmes
For more than fifteen years, GRADE has spearheaded evaluations of public policies and programs in Peru through our numerous impact evaluations. GRADE researchers have produced impact evaluations in various sectors including health, nutrition, education, social inclusion, agriculture, and economic development, as well as in each of GRADE’s research areas. The experience and knowledge that we have acquired through these numerous evaluations have endowed GRADE with standing and authority in the field that few institutions in the region possess.
The work of our researchers contributes to the corpus of the evidence-informed studies of academics and the public policy-makers by promoting and conducting impact evaluations using the most rigorous and most current methodologies. In this vein, we encourage the use of experimental research designs and the use of econometric techniques that minimize biases and ensure a thorough evaluation of the impact of public policies. We have likewise conducted qualitative evaluations of the design and processes employed in the formation of public policies and programs. We use mixed research methods and a variety of research designs in our impact evaluations to more profoundly analyze the ways different policies affect society and to shed light on the achievements and complications in implementing various public policy programs. The findings of these evaluations not only demonstrate the value of cost-efficient programs but also offer recommendations for ineffective programs, which subsequently leads to the more efficient use of public resources. GRADE researchers also contribute to the establishment of a civic and academic culture that values the independent evaluation of public policies and programs, a critical component in the establishment of clear processes of accountability and in the transparent and efficient use of public resources.
GRADE, moreover, shares the wealth of knowledge we have gained by providing opportunities for high-quality training. We offer courses on conducting effective impact evaluations of development programs for public officials, officials of multilateral agencies, representatives of NGOs, students, and professionals in economics and the social sciences.
Senior Researchers
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Lorena Alcázar Valdivia
PhD en Economics - Washington University
Lorena has a BA in Economics from the Pacific University in Peru, a Master’s Degree in Political and International Economy from the Kiel Institute of World Economics, and a PhD in Economics from Washington University. She is currently a Senior Researcher at the Group for the Analysis of Development (GRADE). Previously, she served as Vice-President […]
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Juan José Díaz Noziglia
PhD en Economics - University of Maryland
Juan José Díaz has a PhD in Economics from the University of Maryland. He is currently a Senior Researcher at GRADE. His interests include the labor economy and evaluating social, educational, health and development programs.
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Gabriela Guerrero Barnechea
PhD en Educational Sciences - KU Leuven
Gabriela Guerrero has a PhD in Educational Sciences from the KU Leuven in Belgium and a Master’s Degree in Development Studies with a major in Public Policy from the Institute of Social Studies in The Hague, The Netherlands. She has a Bachelor’s Degree in Educational Psychology from the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru. She is currently a […]
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Miguel Jaramillo Baanante
PhD en History - University of California
Miguel Jaramillo has a degree in Economics from the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru. He completed his graduate studies in Economics and History at the University of California, where he received a PhD in History. His areas of interests are labor economics, social policy and institutional analysis. He is currently a Senior Researcher at GRADE. […]
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Martín Valdivia Huaringa
PhD en Applied Economics - University of Minnesota
Martin Valdivia has a PhD in Applied Economics from the University of Minnesota. He has worked as a Senior Researcher at GRADE since 1993. His fields of interest include entrepreneurship, financial inclusion, rural development and more recently democratic governance, with publications in journals such as the Review of Economics and Statistics, the Journal of Development […]
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Máximo Torero Cullen (de licencia)
PhD en Economics - University of California, Los Angeles
Maximo received a PhD from the University of California at Los Angeles, Department of Economics and held a postdoctoral fellow position at the UCLA Institute for Social Science Research (ISSR). Currently, he is the Chief Economist of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Prior to joining FAO, he was the World Bank Group Executive Director for […]
Adjunct Researchers
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Claudia Sugimaru Arakaki
Máster en Educational Sciences - KU Leuven
Claudia holds a Master’s degree in Educational Sciences from KU Leuven in Belgium and a degree in Psychology with a major in Education from the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru. Currently, she is an Adjunct Researcher at GRADE.
Publications
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El impacto del COVID-19 sobre la salud mental de jóvenes en el Perú
2023 Alan Sanchez, Marta Favara, Kath Ford, Annina Hittmeyer, Catherine Porter, Richard Freund, Douglas Scott
Sorry, this entry is only available in European Spanish.
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JournalJournal of Health Economics
A drop of love? Rainfall shocks and spousal abuse: Evidence from rural Peru
2023 Juan Jose Diaz, Víctor Saldarriaga,
We investigate whether exposure to rainfall shocks affects the experience of physical intimate partner violence (P-IPV) among women in rural areas of the Peruvian Andes. Using data from the Demographic and Health Surveys over 2005–2014, we track changes in the probability that a woman experiences recent instances of P-IPV after being exposed to a rainfall […]
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Mejorando la empleabilidad de mujeres urbanas vulnerables en tiempos de pandemia en el Perú: evaluación experimental del componente de capacitación virtual en un programa de empleo temporal
2023 Lorena Alcazar, Shirley Huerta
Este documento evalúa el impacto de un programa de capacitaciones otorgado de manera aleatoria a beneficiarios del programa de empleo temporal Trabaja Perú (TP). Este experimento ofrece la oportunidad de examinar el impacto de la intervención dirigida hacia mujeres vulnerables en un contexto particular de alto desempleo como el generado por el COVID-19. El estudio […]
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JournalEconomic Development and Cultural Change
(Un)Conditional Love in the Time of Conditional Cash Transfers: The Effect of the Peruvian JUNTOS Program on Spousal Abuse
2022 Juan Jose Diaz, Víctor Saldarriaga
Cash transfer programs often target women as the recipient of the money. Unintentionally, this flow of unearned income may reduce spousal abuse. We investigate this possibility by assessing the Peruvian JUNTOS program. We exploit the staggered timing in the rollout of the program across municipalities along with its eligibility rule for determining participation to perform […]
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¿Qué diferencia hacen las escuelas? Un estudio de métodos mixtos en colegios secundarios del Perú
2021 Juan Leon, Gabriela Guerrero, Santiago Cueto, Paul Glewwe
The study on which this policy document is based analyzes which factors are associated with good results of students in public secondary educational institutions (IE), despite their adverse socioeconomic condition. For this purpose, a mixed methods design is used that follows a sequential explanatory model, which allows us to explore the effect of different types […]
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Peru’s JUNTOS cash conditional transfer program: geographic targeting (2005-2017)
2019
Conditional Cash Transfers (CCTs) have become an important anti-poverty policy globally in recent decades by aiming to alleviate poverty through financial incentives tied directly to human capital investments (namely primary and secondary schooling and maternal and child health). In Peru, the CCT program JUNTOS targeting poor families was established in 2005. By 2017, it has […]
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Urbanization Patterns, Social Interactions and Female Voting in Rural Paraguay
2017
Researchers use a field experiment to evaluate the impact of two informational get-out-the-vote (GOTV) campaigns to boost female electoral participation in Paraguay. They find that public rallies have no effect either on registration or on voter turnout in the 2013 presidential elections. However, households that received door-to-door (D2D) treatment are 4.6 percentage points more likely to vote. […]
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Evaluación de impacto del programa de soporte pedagógico del Ministerio de Educación del Perú
2017
Soporte Pedagógico, implementado por la Dirección de Educación Primaria del Ministerio de Educación del Perú, es una intervención que busca mejorar las condiciones en el ámbito educativo que permiten disminuir el atraso escolar y mejorar los niveles de los logros de aprendizajes esperados en las áreas de comunicación, matemática, ciencia y ambiente, y personal social. […]
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The Impact of the Juntos Conditional Cash Transfer Programme in Peru on Nutritional and Cognitive Outcomes: Does the Age of Exposure Matter?
2016Alan Sanchez,
In this study we revisit the impact of conditional cash transfers (CCTs) on child development, with an emphasis on the role of the age of exposure. We use longitudinal data from a unique paired-siblings sample of Peruvian children (the Young Lives study) to evaluate whether Juntos, a large-scale CCT implemented in Peru since 2005, has […]
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Impacts of the Peruvian conditional cash transfer program on women empowerment: a quantitative and qualitative approach
2016
This study aims to identify the effects of the conditional cash transfer program of Peru, Juntos, on women’s empowerment. Although the program does not envisage women’s welfare as an objective per se, women play a key role as they are the main recipients of the cash transfer and are responsible for compliance with the program’s conditions and thus […]
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JournalJournal of Health Economics
A drop of love? Rainfall shocks and spousal abuse: Evidence from rural Peru
2023
We investigate whether exposure to rainfall shocks affects the experience of physical intimate partner violence (P-IPV) among women in rural areas of the Peruvian Andes. Using data from the Demographic and Health Surveys over 2005–2014, we track changes in the probability that a woman experiences recent instances of P-IPV after being exposed to a rainfall […]
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JournalEconomic Development and Cultural Change
(Un)Conditional Love in the Time of Conditional Cash Transfers: The Effect of the Peruvian JUNTOS Program on Spousal Abuse
2022
Cash transfer programs often target women as the recipient of the money. Unintentionally, this flow of unearned income may reduce spousal abuse. We investigate this possibility by assessing the Peruvian JUNTOS program. We exploit the staggered timing in the rollout of the program across municipalities along with its eligibility rule for determining participation to perform […]
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JournalSSM - Population Health
The impact of COVID-19 lockdowns on physical domestic violence: Evidence from a list randomization experiment
2021
El estudio cuantifica el aumento de la violencia física doméstica (violencia familiar o de pareja) que experimentan los jóvenes de 18 a 26 años durante los encierros de COVID-19 en el Perú. Para ello utiliza una metodología indirecta el experimento de aleatorización de doble lista. El experimento de la lista se incluyó en una encuesta […]
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JournalReview of Development Economics
Survey attrition after 15 years of tracking children in four developing countries: The Young Lives study
2020
Young Lives (YL) is a multicountry, birth cohort study that, over a period of 15 years, followed nearly 8,000 individuals born in 2001–2002 and 4,000 individuals born in 1994–1995 in Ethiopia, India (states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana), Peru, and Vietnam. This study aims to document attrition in the YL samples, to identify the correlates […]
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JournalWorld Development
Challenges in using RCTs for evaluation of large-scale public programs with complex designs: Lessons from Peru
2020
The use of randomized control trials (RCTs) to evaluate public policies and interventions in developing countries faces several challenges. These include limited budgets to finance sample designs and sample sizes required to evaluate multifaceted interventions, potential small-sample bias arising from such limited samples, and difficulties in random assignment when participants self-exclude from parts of the […]
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Algunas reflexiones sobre los programas alimentarios y nutricionales: cambios y retos durante la última década
Investigación para el desarrollo en el Perú: once balances2016
This article analyzes the state of nutritional and food social programs in Peru in light of what has been learned and observed over the past decade, and identifies the main challenges they still face. It follows from the study “Why do food and nutritional programs not work?” (Alcazar 2007), reviewing how these programs have changed […]
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Diez años Juntos: un balance de la investigación del impacto del programa de transferencias condicionadas del Perú sobre el capital humano
Investigación para el desarrollo en el Perú: once balances2016
Juntos is the Peruvian government’s conditional cash transfer program. In recent years, a number of impact evaluations have been carried out with the aim of measuring the effect of Juntos on its conditionalities (the use of health and education services), as well as on the human capital accumulated by the beneficiaries. This study seeks to […]
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Atención y educación de la primera infancia en el Perú: avances y retos pendientes
Investigación para el desarrollo en el Perú: once balances2016
The first years of a child’s life are fundamentally important. However, not all children are exposed to early experiences that enable them to reach their full potential. By the time children enter primary school, there are obvious gaps in the level of development between children of different socioeconomic statuses. Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) […]
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Las mujeres en las Ciencias Sociales: reflexiones sobre el contexto peruano a partir de una revisión de la literatura internacional
Bajo el radar de Sofía: oportunidades y barreras de las profesionales en el Perú2014Maria Balarin,
Sorry, this entry is only available in European Spanish.
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Introducción. Sociedad y naturaleza desde las ciencias sociales: una agenda por desarrollar.
Agenda de investigación en temas socioambientales en el Perú: una aproximación desde las ciencias sociales2014Gerardo Damonte, ,
Sorry, this entry is only available in European Spanish.
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El impacto del COVID-19 sobre la salud mental de jóvenes en el Perú
2023
Sorry, this entry is only available in European Spanish.
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¿Qué diferencia hacen las escuelas? Un estudio de métodos mixtos en colegios secundarios del Perú
2021
The study on which this policy document is based analyzes which factors are associated with good results of students in public secondary educational institutions (IE), despite their adverse socioeconomic condition. For this purpose, a mixed methods design is used that follows a sequential explanatory model, which allows us to explore the effect of different types […]
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Características socioeconómicas y rendimiento de los estudiantes en el Perú
2015Santiago Cueto, Juan Leon,
Aportes para el diseño de políticas orientadas a reducir la inequidad del sistema educativo peruano a través de un diagnóstico de la relación entre el nivel socioeconómico (NSE) de los estudiantes y sus familias, y sus oportunidades para aprender.
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El impacto del programa Juntos sobre la nutrición temprana
2013Miguel Jaramillo, Alan Sanchez,
A&P basado en los hallazgos más destacados del estudio de Miguel Jaramillo y Alan Sánchez, publicado en el DI 61 de GRADE y en la Revista Estudios Económicos 23 del BCR, "Impacto del programa Juntos sobre nutrición temprana"
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Transferencias y Condiciones: Efectos no previstos del Programa JUNTOS
2012Javier Escobal,
En el presente boletín se hace una revisión de la literatura existente sobre JUNTOS, así como de los resultados que Niños del Milenio viene presentando sobre el programa.
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Investigación para el desarrollo en el Perú: once balances
2016
Este libro recoge los once balances de investigación presentados en la conferencia Avances Recientes en la Investigación y Políticas para el Desarrollo, organizada en el marco del 35 aniversario del Grupo de Análisis para el Desarrollo (GRADE). Los textos de esta publicación buscan continuar satisfaciendo la demanda de conocimiento dirigida a sostener un debate más […]
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Towards an inclusive and sustainable development in Latin America: dialogue between research and public policies
2016
Esta publicación es resultado del seminario internacional Hacia un Desarrollo Inclusivo y Sostenible en América Latina: Diálogos entre Investigación y Políticas Públicas, organizado por el Grupo de Análisis para el Desarrollo (GRADE) y el Instituto de Estudios Peruanos (IEP), el 25 y 26 de junio de 2014. Representa un esfuerzo de recopilación de lo más relevante y valioso […]
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Inclusión social: diálogos entre la investigación y las políticas públicas
2014Martín Benavides, Miguel Jaramillo, Santiago Cueto, Gabriela Guerrero, Juan Leon, Nestor Valdivia, Lorena Alcazar, Manuel Glave, Maria Balarin, Juan Jose Diaz, Juana Kuramoto, Gerardo Damonte,
Esta publicación recoge el espíritu del seminario internacional "Cambios Institucionales para un Estado más Inclusivo" (julio de 2012), y apunta a lo más relevante y valioso de cada exposición, intervención y comentario.
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¿Está el piso parejo para los niños en el Perú? Medición y comprensión de la evolución de las oportunidades
2012Javier Escobal, ,
Se aplica al caso peruano el marco conceptual de igualdad de oportunidades y otros indicadores para medir de manera directa cómo se distribuyen las oportunidades de acceso a bienes y servicios clave entre los niños.
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¿Quién se queda atrás? Resultados iniciales del estudio Niños del Milenio. Tercera ronda de encuestas en el Perú.
2012Santiago Cueto, Javier Escobal,
Este Mimeo presenta los resultados iniciales de la tercera ronda de encuestas en el Perú del estudio de largo plazo Niños del Milenio realizadas entre fines del 2009 y principios
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“Aló, tengo un problema”: evaluación de impacto de la Línea 100 del Ministerio de la Mujer y Poblaciones Vulnerables
2021
El objetivo central de esta propuesta es evaluar el impacto de la Línea 100 del MIMP y un combo de dos mejoras dirigidas a atender dos debilidades centrales de la Línea 100: (1) un nuevo protocolo de atención de llamadas y (2) un programa de tratamiento del estrés laboral para las operadoras (burnout y estrés […]
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A Drop of Love? Rainfall Shocks and Spousal Abuse: Evidence from Rural Peru
2020
The authors investigate whether the exposure to rainfall shocks affects the experience of physical intimate partner violence by women in rural areas of the Peruvian Andes. Using data from the Demographic and Health Surveys over the period 2005-2014, they track changes in women’s experience of physical IPV following the exposure to rainfall shocks during the […]
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(Un)Conditional Love in the Time of Conditional Cash Transfers: The Effect of the Peruvian JUNTOS Program on Spousal Abuse
2020
Cash Transfer programs often target women as the recipient of the money. Unintentionally, this flow of unearned income may reduce spousal abuse. Researchers investigate this possibility by assessing the Peruvian JUNTOS program. They exploit the staggered timing in the rollout of the program across municipalities along with its eligibility rule for determining participation to perform a difference-in-differences […]
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Reshaping the gender gap in child time use: unintended effects of a program expanding economic opportunities in the Peruvian Andes
2019
In the last decades, a variety of public policies and programs across the developing world have helped narrow the historical gender gap in access to education and employment. Yet, the gender gap in higher education, labor income and power relations within families -and the rural society in general- is still substantial in most developing countries. […]
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Descentralización funcional y presupuestal de la educación pública en el Perú: un balance de avances y desafíos
2011Lorena Alcazar, Nestor Valdivia,
Un diagnóstico de la gestión presupuestal de la educación pública en un contexto de descentralización política que ha implicado la transferencia de competencias y funciones educati
Projects
- Impact evaluation of the BonoGas ProgramNovember 2023
- Mid-term evaluation of project for economic inclusion of Venezuelan migrantsOctober 2023
- Mid-term evaluation of a project for economic inclusion of Venezuelan migrantsOctober 2023
- Methodological guidelines for long-term ex-post evaluationMay 2023
- Analysis of the Peruvian government’s social protection measures to COVID-19April 2021
- Development of indicator measurement procedures, instrument design for information gathering and systematization, and analysis of Directorate for Promotion and Monitoring (DPM) actions in approved directives for DEVIDA during 2019 – 2020July 2020
- Rebuilding to improve: opportunities from the crisis for sustainable and inclusive improvements in food security, labor markets and social protectionJuly 2020
- Mixed evaluation of the implementation of the Ministry of Health Home Visits with Social Actors intervention, on the sidelines of child health priorityMarch 2020
- Evaluation of the Design and Implementation of Volar Project in PunoDecember 2019
- Final external evaluation of the Energy for Development Project (EnDev) in Central AmericaSeptember 2019
News
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[Call] 2024 Methodological Workshop on the use of data from the Young Lives Longitudinal Study
January 18, 2024 Education and learning, Methodologies for research and evaluation of policy and programmes, Poverty and equality, Health and nutrition
El taller anual de Niños del Milenio busca brindar las herramientas necesarias para que profesionales, que estén cursando sus maestrías o doctorados, aprendan a usar, descargar y analizar los datos que recolecta el estudio. El principal objetivo es aumentar el interés en la producción de trabajos de investigación con aquellos que desean utilizar los datos de […]
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Partnership for Economic Policy highlights the contributions of Martín Valdivia as the founding director of its Latin American office
March 10, 2023 Methodologies for research and evaluation of policy and programmes, Poverty and equality
Partnership for Economic Policy (PEP) highlights the contributions of Martín Valdivia, Senior Researcher at GRADE, whose leadership as the founding director of its Latin American office in Peru helped expand PEP initiatives and reputation in the region. Learn more about Martín Valdivia’s work and contributions to PEP here.
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Comment, Media GRADE, GRADE frente al COVID-19
Hugo Ñopo in BBC News Mundo: factors that explain why Peru has the highest mortality rate among the countries most affected by the pandemic
August 28, 2020 Methodologies for research and evaluation of policy and programmes
“The initial plans were somehow a copy of Europe’s strategies. We failed to see that those strategies were not necessarily going to be successful here, with such informality. We had to think of a different solution, for us.” Hugo Ñopo, senior researcher at GRADE, comments on the factors that explain why Peru had the highest death […]
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Opinion Article, Media GRADE, GRADE frente al COVID-19
Ciencia y políticas frente a la epidemia, por Miguel Jaramillo
April 5, 2020 Methodologies for research and evaluation of policy and programmes, Health and nutrition
“La lección para el mediano plazo es muy clara: necesitamos invertir en un sistema de salud con capacidad de respuesta ante epidemias”. Miguel Jaramillo, investigador principal de GRADE, evalúa las políticas del Perú para enfrentar el coronavirus, comparándolas con algunas de las medidas de países como Corea y Chile. Lee sus conclusiones en su nuevo artículo […]
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UNIR-GRADE | Curso Internacional Online en Cultura de la Investigación
April 2, 2020 Methodologies for research and evaluation of policy and programmes
La Universidad Internacional de La Rioja (UNIR) y el Grupo de Análisis para el Desarrollo (GRADE) organizan el Curso Internacional Online en Cultura de la Investigación. El curso está dirigido a profesores universitarios, investigadores principiantes y gestores de la investigación interesados en profundizar en el mundo de la investigación. Adicionalmente, a profesionales que estén cursando o […]
Events
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Investigadoras e investigadores de GRADE participan en el XXXIV Seminario Anual de Investigación CIES 2023
05/12/2023 → 06/12/2023 9:00 am - 5:00 pm NOS PUCP Education and learning, Methodologies for research and evaluation of policy and programmes, Poverty and equality
Del 5 al 7 de diciembre, investigadoras e investigadores de GRADE serán expositores, moderadores y comentaristas en el XXXIV Seminario Anual de Investigación CIES 2023. El evento, organizado por el Consorcio de Investigación Económica y Social (CIES) de manera presencial, abordará el tema Cambios en la globalización y los retos del desarrollo sostenible en el Perú. A continuación, […]
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Investigadores de GRADE serán expositores y comentaristas en el Congreso Anual 2023 de la Asociación Peruana de Economía (APE)
11/08/2023 → 12/08/2023 Trujillo Education and learning, Employment, productivity and innovation, Methodologies for research and evaluation of policy and programmes, Poverty and equality
Investigadores de GRADE serán expositores y comentaristas en el VIII Congreso Anual 2023 de la Asociación Peruana de Economía (APE). El evento, organizado por la la Escuela de Posgrado de la Universidad Privada del Norte, se llevará a cabo los días 11 y 12 de agosto de 2023 en la ciudad de Trujillo. Además de las conferencias magistrales […]
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GRADE on live, Publication Presentation, Webinar
GRADE 40 years | Book Launch “El Perú pendiente: ensayos para un desarrollo con bienestar”
01/09/2022 6:00 pm - 7:30 pm Zoom de GRADE Rural development and agriculture, Education and learning, Employment, productivity and innovation, Ethnicity, gender and citizenship, Methodologies for research and evaluation of policy and programmes, Poverty and equality, Natural resources, extractive industries and social conflict, State reform and public institutions, Health and nutrition, Urbanization and sustainable cities
El Grupo de Análisis para el Desarrollo (GRADE) organizes the launch of the book “El Perú pendiente: ensayos para un desarrollo con bienestar” (The Pending Peru: essays for a development with well-being), as part of the commemorative celebration for its forty years of institutional life. The book is a collection of essays that, from different conceptual and […]
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GRADE’s researchers will give methodological workshops, attend conferences and share papers at the VII National Seminar of the SIEP
18/05/2021 → 21/05/2021 Education and learning, Ethnicity, gender and citizenship, Methodologies for research and evaluation of policy and programmes, Poverty and equality, State reform and public institutions
Diversos investigadores de Grade del área de investigación Educación y aprendizajes dictarán talleres metodológicos, participarán de conferencias y presentarán ponencias en el VII Seminario Nacional de Investigación Educativa «Causas y desafíos de la segregación educativa: implicancias para la calidad, la equidad y la construcción de ciudadanía», organizado por la Sociedad de Investigación Educativa Peruana (SIEP), el 18, 19, 20 y 21 de mayo, por primera […]
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GRADE’s researchers will be speakers and chairs at a Young Lives conference on longitudinal studies and COVID-19
11/05/2021 → 14/05/2021 8:00 am - 10:00 am Zoom de Young Lives Methodologies for research and evaluation of policy and programmes, Poverty and equality
Del 11 al 14 de mayo, nuestros investigadores principales Alan Sánchez, Santiago Cueto, Martín Benavides y Juan León participarán en la conferencia virtual de Young Lives, Aprendiendo de estudios longitudinales en países de ingresos medios y bajos: antes, durante y después del COVIDー19. Miércoles 12 de mayo, 8:00 am Innovación en la investigación longitudinal Expositores: Yyannu […]
- Education and Learning
- Employment, Productivity and Innovation
- Rural Development and Agriculture
- Ethnicity, Gender and Citizenship
- Methodologies for Research and Evaluation of Policy and Programmes
- Poverty and Equity
- Natural Resources, Extractive Industries and Social Conflict
- State Reform and Public Institutions
- Health and Nutrition
- Urbanization and Sustainable Cities