Employment, Productivity and Innovation
The main objective of various projects carried out at GRADE in this area has been to assess the economic impacts of labor legislation and its effects on the hiring of temporary workers, on employment rotation and mobility, or non-salary labor costs and on the demand for formal employment. Additional issues include the insertion of youth in the labor market, self-employment rates, the role of micro and small-scale enterprises in employment generation, and policies for driving innovation in the country.
Senior Researchers
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Juan José Díaz Noziglia
PhD en Economics - University of Maryland
Juan José Díaz has a PhD in Economics from the University of Maryland. He is currently a Senior Researcher at GRADE. His interests include the labor economy and evaluating social, educational, health and development programs.
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Miguel Jaramillo Baanante
PhD en History - University of California
Miguel Jaramillo has a degree in Economics from the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru. He completed his graduate studies in Economics and History at the University of California, where he received a PhD in History. His areas of interests are labor economics, social policy and institutional analysis. He is currently a Senior Researcher at GRADE. […]
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Máximo Torero Cullen (de licencia)
PhD en Economics - University of California, Los Angeles
Maximo received a PhD from the University of California at Los Angeles, Department of Economics and held a postdoctoral fellow position at the UCLA Institute for Social Science Research (ISSR). Currently, he is the Chief Economist of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Prior to joining FAO, he was the World Bank Group Executive Director for […]
External Affiliated Researchers
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Sonia Laszlo
PhD en - University of Toronto
Sonia Laszlo is Associate Professor of Economics and Director of the Institute for the Study of International Development. Her main research areas cover many aspects of applied microeconomic analysis in economic development: rural development, access to markets, and the relationship between income, health and education in economic development. In addition to using traditional analytic tools […]
Visiting Researchers
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Alessandro Goglio
PhD en - Graduate Institute of International Studies
Alessandro is a senior international economist with extensive experience advising governments on long-term reforms, policies, and programs, particularly in the areas of social and labor market reforms. He currently teaches Public Economics at LIUC Università Cattaneo (Castellanza, Italy), School of Economics, following thirty years at the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) in Paris. […]
Publications
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JournalThe European Journal of Development Research
Microcredit Impacts: Evidence from a Large-Scale Observational Study in Brazil
2022 Rafael Goldszmidt, Patrick Behr, Cesar Zucco, Anna-Katharina Lenz, Lauro Gonzalez, Martin Valdivia
This paper studies the impact of microcredit in Brazil. We use a propensity score matching on original primary data on business and personal outcomes to compare veteran clients of BNDES—Brazil’s largest government-owned development bank—to a matched sample of more recent clients. Based on administrative data as well as data from a survey of 2107 clients […]
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Inversión pública y desigualdad en América Latina
2022 Lorena Alcazar, Miguel Jaramillo
Based on two case studies, in Peru and Colombia, this study finds that public investment has an inequality-reducing effect, but a very small one, so that a large investment would be needed to achieve a minimal reduction in inequality. In addition, it is found that the effect of public investment depends on the level of […]
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Actitudes ante el riesgo y preferencias intertemporales de los trabajadores peruanos
2022 Miguel Jaramillo, Kristian López, Óscar Rodríguez, Diego Tocre
Every individual, when making economic decisions, must evaluate different options with uncertain results that will affect their well-being at different moments in time. Based on the meeting between theoretical and experimental economics, this document estimates the risk and intertemporal consumption preferences of Peruvian workers. The authors contribute in two ways: they study how workers make […]
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COVID-19 y las migraciones de la ciudad al campo en el Perú: identificación de amenazas y oportunidades para el uso sostenible del capital natural
2022 Ricardo Fort, Mauricio Espinoza, Álvaro Espinoza
This study analyses the dynamics of this return migration to rural areas during 2020 using census data and records of returnee arrivals, and then interviews more than 3,000 households in 19 provinces and 77 districts with the largest flows. Based on this information, we estimate that around a quarter of a million people, mostly young […]
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Reactivando para un mejor país después de la pandemia de COVID-19: una propuesta de diagnóstico de acción para el Perú
2021 Miguel Jaramillo, Bruno Escobar
In this document, we present an economic analysis of Peru before and after the pandemic, along with a five-year financially sustainable recovery plan aimed at “reviving for a better country”. Our plan emphasizes the urgent need to address some of the country’s structural weaknesses. We stress the importance of public investment in this effort, but […]
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Guía sobre microfinanzas en América Latina
2014Miguel Jaramillo,
Globally, developing countries face the problem of providing resources to the poor. Social assistance programmes are one option to solve this problem, but they can generate dependency among the beneficiaries. Microfinance was born in Europe in the 19th century as a cooperative movement involving urban wage labourers and small-scale farmers. Microfinance was adopted in Latin […]
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Measuring the Relative Pay of Latin American School Teachers at the turn of the 20th Century
2014,
How much are teachers paid in comparison to those in other professions in Latin America? How have these differences evolved at the turn of the 20th century? This paper documents the extent to which teachers are underpaid vis-à-vis workers in other professional and technical occupations in thirteen Latin-American countries circa 2007. It also analyses the […]
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Employment growth and segmentation in Peru, 2001–2011: country case study on labour market segmentation
2013
This study aims to identify how the performance of the labour market, and labour market institutions and policies have affected labour market segmentation in the last decade. It also provides evidence on what labour market duality means in terms of job quality indicators. To do so, we use household survey data for the period 2001-2010 […]
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Diferenciales de ingreso entre trabajadores públicos y privados
2013,
El estudio pretende complementar la escasa literatura existente sobre los diferenciales de ingreso entre el sector público y privado, en el marco del debate en torno a la reforma del servicio civil peruano.
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Mujer y movilidad social
2013,
En el documento se presenta un conjunto de recomendaciones de política para generar una efectiva igualdad de oportunidades para hombres y mujeres y, de esta forma, mejorar las dinámicas de movilidad social en Colombia. Para esto, inicialmente se explora la evidencia existente sobre la situación de la mujer en la sociedad colombiana y se hace […]
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JournalInternational Journal of Educational Development
The changing role of international cooperation in developing countries (as they develop): A case study of skills development policies in Peru.
2012Miguel Jaramillo,
A focus on the changes in the relationship between international cooperation and local actors in the skills development field in Peru as the country strengthened its financial position in the last two decades allows us to examine the role of the economic factor in these changes.
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Gender earning gaps around the world: a study of 64 countries
2012,
The purpose of this paper is to analyze gender disparities in labor earnings for a comprehensive set of 64 countries. Design/methodology/approach – Using the methodological approach proposed by Ñopo, socio-demographic characteristics are used to match males and females such that gender earnings disparities are computed only among individuals with the same observable characteristics. Findings – […]
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JournalWorld Development
Detecting Gender and Racial Discrimination in Hiring Through Monitoring Intermediation Services: The Case of Selected Occupations in Metropolitan Lima, Peru
2012, Maximo Torero,
Inspired by audit studies methodology, the authors monitored a job intermediation service in Peru to detect gender and racial discrimination in hiring. The authors capture individual racial information using the approach of Ñopo, Saavedra, and Torero (2007), enabling a richer exploration of racial differences. Overall, the study finds discriminatory treatment in hiring only when comparing groups […]
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JournalReview of Economics and Statistics
Teaching entrepreneurship: impact of business training on microfinance clients and institutions
2011, Martin Valdivia,
Using a randomized control trial, we measure the marginal impact of adding business training to a Peruvian group lending program for fem
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La investigación sobre el mercado laboral peruano: instituciones, capacitación y grupos desfavorecidos
Investigación, políticas y desarrollo en el Perú2007Miguel Jaramillo, Juan Jose Diaz,
The aim of the paper is to focus on some of the issues central to current debates on labour policies, in which GRADE has been most interested and involved. Specifically, there are three areas on which they want to discuss the state of the art of research, raise some debates and establish their relevance for […]
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Sistemas de innovación tecnológica
Investigación, políticas y desarrollo en el Perú2007Juana Kuramoto,
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Gasto público, productividad e ingresos agrarios en el Perú: avances de investigación y resultados empíricos propios
Investigación, políticas y desarrollo en el Perú2007Eduardo Zegarra, ,
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Región y nación en los espacios del norte: desarrollos económicos y sociales en fases de transición: extremo Norte Peruano Chico Chileno
Chile-Perú, Perú-Chile: 1820-19202005Miguel Jaramillo, ,
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Union density changes and union effects on firm perfomance in Peru
What difference do unions make?: their impact on productivity and wages in Latin America2005Maximo Torero,
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Guide to microfinance in Latin America
2013Miguel Jaramillo,
The Guide concludes with lessons that may be relevant for other contexts, as well as highlighting key publications and organisations related to microfinance in the region.
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Latin America’s Institutional and Regulatory Innovations for Microfinance Growth
2013Miguel Jaramillo,
This Brief provides an overview to the Latin American experience in regulating MFIs, covering the history of microfinance regulation in the region and the positive effects it has had on the sector’s current performance.
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Expanding microfinance in Latin America’s rural areas
2013Miguel Jaramillo,
This brief begins by discussing microfinance’s impacts in rural areas, presenting evidence on rural poverty as well as on microfinance’s positive effects on consumption and investment in education.
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Latin American Innovations in Microfinance Technology
2013Miguel Jaramillo,
In Latin America, innovations in microfinance come not only from new technology, but by focusing on the people and processes making use of that technology, achieving important advances in scale and reach.
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Learning from CCT evaluations
2012Miguel Jaramillo,
This brief reviews evaluation objectives, key steps to consider in designing and implementing a rigorous CCT evaluation, and describes how evaluations have been used in the region.
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Indicadores de ciencia y tecnología en América Latina: 1970-1990
1991Patricia McLauchlan de Arregui, Maximo Torero,
Abreviario estadístico de 11 países de América Latina. Incluye indicadores de desarrollo económico y social para evaluar su situación, progreso e impacto de sus actividades científicas y tecnológicas.
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Imaginemos un Perú mejor
1989
Artículos periodísticos escritos por el autor entre 1985 y 1988 para promover la diseminación de un enfoque de largo plazo en el pensamiento de quienes diseñan o ejecutan políticas de desarrollo.
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Excelencia científica en la periferia: actividades científicas e investigación biomédica en el Perú 1890-1950
1989
La actividad científica en el Perú entre 1890 y 1950. Según Cueto, el trabajo científico en nuestro país tiene sus propias reglas no como síntomas de atraso o modernidad sino como parte de su propia cultura.
No se han encontrado publicaciones de Employment, Productivity and Innovation en la categoría Mimeo
Projects
- Income difference between public and private employmentNovember 2011 - February 2012
- Analysis of the Labor Market and Higher Education Offer in PeruSeptember 2011 - December 2012
- Sizing of the Innovation Program for CompetitivenessJune 2011 - September 2011
- Salaries in the public sectorApril 2011 - July 2011
- Preparation of the policy document “Innovation, Science and Technology Policies”October 2010 - December 2010
- Labor component of ‘facilitating businesses’October 2010 - October 2010
- Study about the Innovation System in Dominican RepublicSeptember 2010 - November 2010
- Support in the impact evaluation process of PROJOVVEN and design of the SENEP evaluationAugust 2010 - December 2010
- Exploring factors associated with cognitive abilities of the adult urban population in PeruJune 2010 - September 2010
- Proposal for the design of the Educaempleo System and implementation strategy.May 2010 - July 2010
News
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Miguel Jaramillo: “The recovery of employment is reaching its limits”
July 24, 2023 Employment, productivity and innovation
“The recovery of employment is reaching its limits”. According to Miguel Jaramillo, Senior Researcher at GRADE, a correction in the deterioration of the Peruvian labor market is not expected in view of the bad outlook for the economy and investment. He questioned the measures taken by the Congress that affect the labor market. Interview under […]
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Does politics affect the uptake of social policies? Post by Martín Valdivia and others in The Journal of Politics’ blog
June 25, 2023 Employment, productivity and innovation
Martin Valdivia and coauthors examine whether policy preferences affect the uptake and learning from government programs in the context of Brazil’s Individual Microentrepreneur Program, which provides subsidized access to social security coverage and business-related incentives. To this end, they report the results of a field experiment in low-income communities in Rio de Janeiro. Blog based on […]
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Miguel Jaramillo’s commentary on poverty reduction in the Inter-American Dialogue’s daily Latin America Advisor
June 23, 2023 Employment, productivity and innovation
“Going back to a path of poverty reduction requires a more promising business environment and a modicum of political stability”. Read the full commentary by our Senior Researcher Miguel Jaramillo in the Inter-American Dialogue’s daily Latin America Advisor.
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#8M La Mirada: Women workers, in the crisis and after, by Miguel Jaramillo
March 19, 2023 Employment, productivity and innovation, Ethnicity, gender and citizenship
“Women have more self-employment and less salaried work, figure less among business employers and more among unpaid family workers.” Miguel Jaramillo, senior researcher at GRADE, writes about the impact of the pandemic and the policies implemented in that context on the participation of women workers in economic activity. Read the full op-ed in El Comercio […]
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El mercado laboral del 2022: persisten los déficits estructurales
January 8, 2023 Employment, productivity and innovation
“Formal employment grew in all age groups, but particularly among the youngest, and at all educational levels, although more so among people with completed secondary school and higher education, where the bulk of the labor force is concentrated. It also grew more among men than women”. Miguel Jaramillo, senior researcher at GRADE, writes in El […]
Events
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Hugo Ñopo was a panelist in the Dialogues on the Future of Work in the Global South from the perspective of Latin America
20/07/2021 10:00 am YouTube de FOWIGS Employment, productivity and innovation
We invite you to participate in the Future of Work Dialogues in the Global South from the perspective of Latin America. 25 experts will discuss around 6 round tables: Skills, Technology, Labor market institutions, Demography, Inequality and Fiscal Policy. Hugo Ñopo, Senior Researcher at GRADE, will be a panelist for the first roundtable. These dialogues are […]
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Hugo Ñopo will be a discussant at an UNDP High Level Political Forum parallel virtual event
14/07/2021 8:30am Zoom del PNUD Employment, productivity and innovation
The UNDP Regional Bureau for Latin America and the Caribbean will organize the virtual event “The effects of social protection policies: their effectiveness in protecting households against risks and their impact on productivity” during the High Level Political Forum on sustainable development. The event will address the effects of social protection policies: their effectiveness in […]
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Miguel Jaramillo was a panelist in the UP and World Bank webinar, Formalize to Grow
16/06/2021 3:00 pm Facebook Banco Mundial Employment, productivity and innovation
“You have the right to social protection because you are a citizen of this country. The idea is how to change the focus from a Bismarckian system, where social security is tied to an labour relationship, to one where we have the right to social protection as citizens. Therefore, this would no longer be financed by […]
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Miguel Jaramillo will be a speaker at the discussion of the Peruvian Society for Labor Law and Social Security on the reactivation of employment
01/06/2021 7:00 am - 8:30 pm Facebook de la SPDTSS Employment, productivity and innovation
Our senior researcher Miguel Jaramillo will be one of the speakers at a dialogue on Proposals for the reactivation of employment in Peru, organized by the Peruvian Society for Labor and Social Security Law (SPDTSS). SPEAKERS Miguel Jaramillo (GRADE) Catherine Eyzaguirre (economist, human development specialist) CHAIR Jaime Zavala (former president of the SPDTSS) LIVE BROADCAST Follow the […]
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Miguel Jaramillo joined a REDES webinar on the reactivation of MSMEs and short-term employment
27/05/2021 9:00 pm Facebook de REDES Employment, productivity and innovation
How to regain the momentum of employment and how does that involve micro, small and medium-sized firms? Watch again the participation of our senior researcher Miguel Jaramillo in a Red de Estudios para el Desarrollo (REDES) webinar on the reactivation of MSMEs and short-term employment.
- Education and Learning
- Employment, Productivity and Innovation
- Rural Development and Agriculture
- Ethnicity, Gender and Citizenship
- Methodologies for Research and Evaluation of Policy and Programmes
- Poverty and Equity
- Natural Resources, Extractive Industries and Social Conflict
- State Reform and Public Institutions
- Health and Nutrition
- Urbanization and Sustainable Cities
