GRADE

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  Working paper

  Edutainment, savings, and generational differences in rural areas of Peru

  2023 Alberto Chong, Martin Valdivia

  We wrote, produced, and implemented a randomized five-episode soap opera on financial inclusion targeted to women from poor, rural areas ravaged by terrorism in Peru. We go beyond measuring attitudes and perceptions but observe actual savings accounts using bank data. Older women, those who directly suffered from terrorist violence, respond very well and save more […]
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  Working paper

  Nudging microentrepreneurs under fire: Experimental evidence from favelas in Rio de Janeiro

  2023 Anna-Katharina Lenz, Martin Valdivia

  Do behavioral biases and the distortions generated by the presence of organized crime limit microentrepreneurs’ adoption of growth-oriented business practices? We explore this question in a field experiment with informal microentrepreneurs in which we provide informational visits and text messages about the advantages and convenience of a formalization program. All microentrepreneurs operated in Complexo Maré, […]
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  Working paper

  Soap operas and pro-savings attitudes in poor rural areas of Peru.

  2023 Alberto Chong, Martin Valdivia

  We wrote, produced, and implemented a randomized intervention of a five-episode soap opera focusing on attitudes related to trust and savings. It was shown to females living in poor and violence-scarred rural areas and who received the national conditional cash transfer. We find that one year after the intervention treated females significantly improve their attitudes […]
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  Working paper

  Edutainment, savings and dwelling-related assets in poor rural areas of Peru

  Alberto Chong, Martin Valdivia

  We exploit a field experiment by Chong and Valdivia (2023) and test whether por women from rural areas in developing countries that are able to save seek dwellingrelated assets and find causal evidence that this is indeed the case. Furthermore, we also find that the older cohort of women, those aged forty and higher, also […]
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  JournalThe Journal of Politics.

  Do political preferences affect policy learning and uptake? Evidence from a field experiment with informal entrepreneurs

  2023 Cesar Zucco, Anna-Katharina Lenz, Rafael Goldszmidt, Martin Valdivia

  We examine whether political preferences affect uptake and learning about government programs in the context of Brazil’s Individual Microentrepreneur Program, which offers subsidized access to social security coverage and business-related incentives. We fielded a randomized intervention that provided one-on-one consultancy and assistance to informal entrepreneurs. Treatment increased formalization rates, but we found only weak evidence […]

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  Working paper

  Edutainment, savings and dwelling-related assets in poor rural areas of Peru

  Alberto Chong, Martin Valdivia

  We exploit a field experiment by Chong and Valdivia (2023) and test whether por women from rural areas in developing countries that are able to save seek dwellingrelated assets and find causal evidence that this is indeed the case. Furthermore, we also find that the older cohort of women, those aged forty and higher, also […]
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  Working paper

  Savings Groups Reduce Vulnerability, but Have Mixed Effects on Financial Inclusion

  2020 Verónica Frisancho, Martin Valdivia

  This paper evaluates the impact of the introduction of savings groups on poverty, vulnerability, and financial inclusion outcomes in rural Peru. Using a cluster randomized control trial and relying on both survey and administrative records, researchers investigate the impact of savings groups after more than two years of exposure. The authors find that savings groups […]
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  Working paper

  Savings Groups Reduce Vulnerability, but have Mixed Effects on Financial Inclusion

  2020 Verónica Frisancho, Martin Valdivia

  This paper evaluates the impact of the introduction of savings groups on poverty, vulnerability, and financial inclusion outcomes in rural Peru. Using a cluster randomized control trial and relying on both survey and administrative records, researchers investigate the impact of savings groups over a two year period. The authors find that savings groups channel expensive […]
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  Working paper

  Social Interactions and Female Voting in Rural Paraguay: The Role of Urbanization Patterns on the Effectiveness of GOVT Campaigns

  2018 Alberto E. Chong, Gianmarco León, Vivian Roza, Martin Valdivia, Gabriela Vega

  Los autores utilizan un experimento de campo para evaluar el impacto de dos campañas informativas “sacar el voto” (get-out-the-vote) para impulsar la participación electoral femenina en Paraguay. Encuentran que las campañas públicas no tuvieron ningún efecto ni en la probabilidad de registro ni en la participación de los votantes en las elecciones presidenciales de 2013. […]
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  Working paper

  Urbanization Patterns, Social Interactions and Female Voting in Rural Paraguay

  2017 Alberto Chong, Gianmarco León, Vivian Roza, Martin Valdivia, Gabriela Vega

  Researchers use a field experiment to evaluate the impact of two informational get-out-the-vote (GOTV) campaigns to boost female electoral participation in Paraguay. They find that public rallies have no effect either on registration or on voter turnout in the 2013 presidential elections. However, households that received door-to-door (D2D) treatment are 4.6 percentage points more likely to vote. […]

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  JournalAmerican Journal of Political Science

  Urbanization Patterns, Information Diffusion, and Female Voting in Rural Paraguay

  2019 Alberto Chong, Gianmarco León, Vivian Roza, Martin Valdivia, Gabriela Vega

  Researchers use a field experiment to evaluate the impact of two informational get-out-the-vote campaigns to boost female electoral participation in rural areas of Paraguay. They find that public rallies had a small and insignificant effect either on registration or voter turnout in the 2013 presidential elections. Households that received door-to-door canvassing treatment were 4.6 percentage points more likely […]
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  JournalJournal of International Development

  Health impacts of a public-private partnership rural roads maintenance programme

  2018 Alberto Chong, Martin Valdivia

  The authors provide evidence of health impacts of a public-private rural roads maintenance programme in Peru, which is characterized by a contracting mechanism that employs small local firms. Using a difference‐in‐differences approach, they find that improved roads connectivity leads to positive health externalities.
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  JournalHealth Affairs

  Assessing Latin America’s Progress Toward Achieving Universal Health Coverage

  2015 Adam Wagstaff, Tania Dmytraczenko, Gisele Almeida, Leander Buisman, Patrick Hoang-Vu Eozenou, Caryn Bredenkamp, James A. Cercone, Daniel Maceira, Silvia Molina, Guillermo Paraje, Fernando Ruiz, Flavia Sarti, John Scott, Martin Valdivia, Heitor Werneck

  Two commonly used metrics for assessing progress toward universal health coverage involve assessing citizens’ rights to health care and counting the number of people who are in a financial protection scheme that safeguards them from high health care payments. On these metrics most countries in Latin America have already “reached” universal health coverage. Neither metric […]
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  JournalJournal of Development Economics

  Business training plus for female entrepreneurship? Short and medium-term experimental evidence from Peru

  2015 Martin Valdivia

  With millions of women around the developing world thrown into self-employment but with low productivity, increasing the profitability of their businesses is highly relevant for poverty reduction and gender equity. This study evaluates the impacts of a BDS program serving female microentrepreneurs in Lima using an experimental design, that included two treatment groups: One received […]
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  JournalInternational Journal of Educational Development

  Inequality in school resources and academic achievement: Evidence from Peru

  2015 Gianmarco León, Martin Valdivia

  This paper goes further in the discussion on the determinants of school attainment in developing countries. To properly estimate the effects of school resources on academic achievement, we need to take into account the large geographical inequalities in the distribution of school resources and the supply constraints faced by students living in poor areas. We […]

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  Chapter in Book

  Etnicidad como determinante de la inequidad en salud materno-infantil en el Perú
  Protección social en salud en América Latina y el Caribe: investigación y políticas

  2011 Martin Valdivia

  Marco conceptual, estrategia de acción, productos y resultados sobre el debate y diseño de políticas asociadas a la reducción de brechas étnicas en salud del proyecto que la AES ha desarrollado entre 2005-2009.
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  Chapter in Book

  La salud materno-infantil en el Perú: mirando dentro y fuera del sector salud
  Investigación, políticas y desarrollo en el Perú

  2007 Juan Jose Diaz, Martin Valdivia
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  Chapter in Book

  Peru: is identifying the poor the main problem in reaching them with nutrional programs
  Reaching the poor with health, nutrition, and population services: what works, what doesn' t, and why

  2005 Martin Valdivia

  This chapter benefited from comments by two reviewers and by participants at the World Bank conference "Reaching the Poor with Effective Health, Nutrition, and Population Services: What Works, What Doesn't, and Why?"
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  Chapter in Book

  The returns to health for peruvian urban adults by gender, age, and across the wage distribution
  Wealth from health: linking social investments to earnings in Latin America

  2000 Edmundo Murrugarra, Martin Valdivia

  This chapter analyzes the determinants of health status for urban adults in Peru and estimates the impact of health status on earnings
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  Chapter in Book

  Evolución de la equidad en el acceso a servicios de salud: Perú 1994-1997
  Salud, equidad y pobreza en el Perú: teoría y nuevas evidencias

  2002 Martin Valdivia

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