Employment, Productivity and Innovation
The main objective of various projects carried out at GRADE in this area has been to assess the economic impacts of labor legislation and its effects on the hiring of temporary workers, on employment rotation and mobility, or non-salary labor costs and on the demand for formal employment. Additional issues include the insertion of youth in the labor market, self-employment rates, the role of micro and small-scale enterprises in employment generation, and policies for driving innovation in the country.
Senior Researchers
-
Juan José Díaz Noziglia
PhD en Economics - University of Maryland
Juan José Díaz has a PhD in Economics from the University of Maryland. He is currently a Senior Researcher at GRADE. His interests include the labor economy and evaluating social, educational, health and development programs.
-
Miguel Jaramillo Baanante
PhD en History - University of California
Miguel Jaramillo has a degree in Economics from the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru. He completed his graduate studies in Economics and History at the University of California, where he received a PhD in History. His areas of interests are labor economics, social policy and institutional analysis. He is currently a Senior Researcher at GRADE. […]
-
Máximo Torero Cullen (de licencia)
PhD en Economics - University of California, Los Angeles
Maximo received a PhD from the University of California at Los Angeles, Department of Economics and held a postdoctoral fellow position at the UCLA Institute for Social Science Research (ISSR). Currently, he is the Chief Economist of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Prior to joining FAO, he was the World Bank Group Executive Director for […]
External Affiliated Researchers
-
Sonia Laszlo
PhD en - University of Toronto
Sonia Laszlo is Associate Professor of Economics and Director of the Institute for the Study of International Development. Her main research areas cover many aspects of applied microeconomic analysis in economic development: rural development, access to markets, and the relationship between income, health and education in economic development. In addition to using traditional analytic tools […]
Visiting Researchers
-
Alessandro Goglio
PhD en - Graduate Institute of International Studies
Alessandro is a senior international economist with extensive experience advising governments on long-term reforms, policies, and programs, particularly in the areas of social and labor market reforms. He currently teaches Public Economics at LIUC Università Cattaneo (Castellanza, Italy), School of Economics, following thirty years at the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) in Paris. […]
Publications
-
Building back better after the COVID-19 pandemic
2021 Miguel Jaramillo, Bruno Escobar
In this policy-oriented paper, we provide a pre- and post-pandemic socioeconomic analysis of Peru, along with a financially sustainable five-year Building Back Better recovery plan, which emphasizes the urgency of addressing some of the country’s structural weaknesses. We underscore the importance of public investment for this effort, but widen the focus to include current public […]
-
Unpacking the post-lockdown employment recovery of young women in the global south
2021 Douglas Scott, Richard Freund, Marta Favara, Catherine Porter, Alan Sanchez
This paper analyses the difference in short-term employment recovery between young men and women in India, Peru and Vietnam following the national lockdowns imposed in all three countries during 2020. The authors employ a mediation model to establish whether – and to what extent – commonly suggested mechanisms are responsible for a relatively slower recovery among […]
-
Política de protección social y laboral en el Ecuador
2021 Hugo Ñopo, Alejandra Peña
How effective is the social protection system in Ecuador to protect the population against various risks? What is its redistributive impact and how much does it contribute to reducing inequality? What effects does it have on productivity? These are the central questions that guide this analysis, in which some answers are tested based on the […]
-
Políticas de protección social y laboral en la República Dominicana
2021 Hugo Ñopo, Sócrates Barinas
Social protection in the Dominican Republic results from a combination of social security programs in contributory and non-contributory modalities, labor regulations regarding job stability and minimum wages for a subset of workers, as well as anti-poverty programs. The contributions to the contributory modality and the costs of formal contracting vary according to the sector and […]
-
Políticas de protección social y laboral en el Perú. Una espiral de buenas intenciones, malos resultados y peores respuestas
2021 Hugo Ñopo
The legislation stipulates that, with some exceptions, every worker and their family members are covered by a social safety net that is financed by contributions from employers and workers. This legislation, to a large extent, is violated; and, to another extent, it has exceptions. As a result, most workers do not enjoy contributory social protection. […]
-
Evolution of Teachers’ Salaries in Latin America at the Turn of the 20th Century: How Much Are They (Under or Over) Paid?
2012,
How much are teachers paid in comparison to those in other professions in Latin America? How have these differences evolved at the turn of the 20th century? This paper reports the evolution, between circa 1997 and circa 2007, of teachers´ salaries vis-à-vis workers in other professional and technical occupations for thirteen Latin-American countries. After controlling […]
-
Heterogeneity of total factor productivity across Latin American countries: evidence from manufacturing firms
2012Alan Sanchez,
We use a firm production function approach to generate estimates of total factor productivity (TFP) and labor productivity in the manufacturing sector for a group of Latin American countries.
-
Teachers’ Salaries in Latin America: How Much Are They (Under or Over) Paid?
2011,
The paper documents the extent to which teachers are underpaid vis-à-vis workers in other professional and technical occupations in Latin America circa 2007. These labor earnings differences, attributed to observable socio-demographic and job characteristics, are assessed using a matching methodology (Ñopo, 2008). Teachers’ underpayment is found to be stronger than what has been previously reported […]
-
Gender Earnings Gaps in the World
2011,
The paper documents gender disparities in labor earnings for sixty-four countries around the world. Disparities are partially attributed to gender differences in observable socio-demographic and job characteristics. These characteristics are used to match males and females such that gender earnings disparities are computed only among individuals with the same characteristics, as in Ñopo (2008). After […]
-
Evolution of Gender Gaps in Latin America at the Turn of the Twentieth Century: An Addendum to “New Century, Old Disparities”
2010,
The paper complements the findings of Atal, Ñopo and Winder (2009) on gender and ethnic wage gaps for 18 Latin American countries circa 2005 by analyzing gender wage gaps for the same countries between circa 1992 and circa 2007. During this span the overall gender earnings gaps dropped about 7 percentage points, while the unexplained […]
-
Using Pseudo‐Panels To Measure Income Mobility In Latin America
2011,
The paper presents a comparative overview of mobility patterns in 14 Latin American countries between 1992 and 2003. Using three alternative econometric techniques on constructed pseudo-panels, the paper provides a set of estimators for the traditional notion of income mobility as well as for mobility around extreme and moderate poverty lines. The estimates suggest very […]
-
JournalJournal of Pension Economics and Finance
Overcoming the Saving Slump: How to Increase the Effectiveness of Financial Education and Saving Programs
2010,
-
-
JournalThe Review of Economics and Statistics
Matching as a Tool to Decompose Wage Gaps
2008,
The paper presents a methodology that uses matching comparisons to explain gender wage differences. The approach emphasizes gender differences in the supports of the distributions of observable characteristics and provides insights into the distribution of unexplained gender pay differences. This nonparametric alternative to the Blinder-Oaxaca (BO) decomposition does not require the estimation of earnings equations […]
-
JournalRevista Economía
Occupational training to reduce gender segregation: The impacts of ProJoven
2008,
The paper illustrates the process of program evaluation for ProJoven, the Peruvian youth labor training program. The program provides beneficiaries with basic three-month training in lowskill occupations and with internship opportunities. ProJoven’s design promotes gender equality by encouraging female participation in training for traditionally male-dominated occupations and by providing subsidies so mothers with children can […]
-
Diferencias en el acceso de las mujeres al microcrédito en el Perú e impacto de la tenencia del título de propiedad
Mercado y gestión del microcrédito en el Perú2004Maximo Torero, ,
El presente estudio pretende medir el acceso de las mujeres al microcrédito en el Perú. Asimismo, busca examinar el vínculo entre la distribución por género de los derechos de propiedad y las limitaciones en el acceso de las mujeres peruanas al crédito.
-
Labor market reforms and their impacts over formal labor demand and job market turnover: the case of Peru
Law and employment: lessons from Latin America and the Caribbean2000Maximo Torero,
-
El futuro de la evaluación en el Perú
Foro Educativo y REDUC. Congreso Internacional Reformas y Escuelas para el Nuevo Siglo2004Santiago Cueto,
-
Small farmers economic organizations: producer associations and agricultural development in Peru
Economic liberalization and evolution of rural agricultural sector in Peru2003Manuel Glave, Ricardo Fort,
The main objective of this study is to identify which factors increase (or decrease) the competitiveness of small farmers in the Peruvian Agriculture.
-
Labor markets during 1990s
After the Washington Consensus: restarting growth and reform in Latin America2003
-
Implementing CCTs: Lessons from Latin America
2012Miguel Jaramillo,
This brief presents four main steps in implementing a successful CCT programme, and in each, draws on the Latin American experience to highlight key issues policymakers should consider when creating an implementation strategy in other contexts.
-
Improving Health and Education Through CCTs
2012Miguel Jaramillo,
This brief describes how Latin American countries have used CCTs to improve health and education, the results achieved, and lessons learned for improving health and education in other settings.
-
Menos desiguales: la distribución del ingreso luego de las reformas estructurales
2011
Menos desiguales: la distribución del ingreso luego de las reformas estructurales.
-
Designing an Effective CCT
2011Miguel Jaramillo,
This brief analyses the most important CCT design elements from the Latin American experience: the target population, incentives and conditionalities, and entry and exit rules to help other countries as they make design decisions to adapt CCTs to their own contexts.
-
CCT Programmes: An Overview of the Latin American Experience
2011Gerardo Damonte, Manuel Glave,
This guide provides an overview to CCT programmes in Latin America, including their history, objectives and use, evidence of their impact, and finally, the main lessons coming out of Latin America that can be useful for policymakers considering implementing CCTs in their own countries.
No se han encontrado publicaciones de Employment, Productivity and Innovation en la categoría Book
No se han encontrado publicaciones de Employment, Productivity and Innovation en la categoría Mimeo
Projects
- Evaluation of Innovation Support Policies in Peru: Elements for the AnalysisApril 2010 - June 2010
- Study of synthesis on Innovation Works of the FINCYT ContestFebruary 2010 - April 2011
- Qualitative study on formalization barriers between micro businesses in El Cercado de Lima.January 2010 - January 2010
- Design of the Strategic Program on Child LaborJanuary 2010 - April 2010
- Research agenda for FINCyT – CIES call for proposalsAugust 2008
- Analyzing the logistic chains of mineral and fish productsJuly 2008
- Design of the impact assessment of the gender and microfinances projectMay 2008 - June 2008
- La unión hace la fuerza: Integrando a los pequeños productores de trucha con mercados externosJuly 2007
- Apoyo al seguimiento del programa de ciencia y tecnología Perú-BIDJuly 2007
- Estudio de diseño de sistema de monitoreo y evaluación de resultados del programa de capacitación a inspectores laborales del MTPEJuly 2007
News
-
RPP: Miguel Jaramillo comments on informal employment in Peru
December 26, 2022 Employment, productivity and innovation
According to the latest INEI report for 2022, there were 432,000 more jobs in Peru than in 2019. However, out of every 10 workers, only 2 are formal. For our senior researcher Miguel Jaramillo, formal employment slowed down because there was no growth in private investment due to economic uncertainty. Read his opinion in this […]
-
The half that is still far away, by Miguel Jaramillo
November 23, 2022 Employment, productivity and innovation
“As long as half of our population does not come close to reaching their productive potential, talk of development will continue to be a quimera”. Miguel Jaramillo, Senior Researcher at GRADE, writes in Jugo de Caigua about the gaps between men and women in the labor market.
-
GRADE frente al COVID-19, Media GRADE, Interview
Miguel Jaramillo in RPP Noticias: “Everywhere you look at the quality of employment data, we are worse off than before the pandemic”.
October 17, 2022 Employment, productivity and innovation
“Employment relative to 2019 in Metropolitan Lima has grown 1%, but unemployment has grown 38%. If we look at proper employment, it has fallen 8% since before the pandemic. This drop particularly affects medium-sized companies. Everywhere you look at the quality of employment data, we are worse off than before the pandemic. If we look […]
-
Labour market in 2022: following the same path, by Miguel Jaramillo
September 26, 2022 Employment, productivity and innovation
“The number of people in informal employment continues breaking historical records for the country, having reached 9.77 million in the second quarter of the year. On the other hand, the number of formal workers, 4.03 million, remains lower than any point in the last 8 years”. Miguel Jaramillo, Senior Researcher at GRADE, writes about the […]
-
Labor informality aggravates social gaps in Peru, by Miguel Jaramillo
September 11, 2022 Employment, productivity and innovation
“The gaps between formal and informal workers are the main factor behind youth labor inequality. Young people who work in the informal sector earn on average 40% less than those who have a formal job. […] The evidence suggests that it makes sense to invest in improving the first labor experiences of young people”. Miguel Jaramillo, […]
Events
-
Videnza’s book Propuestas del Bicentenario was launched. Miguel Jaramillo is one of the authors
19/05/2021 7:30 pm Facebook de Penguin Perú Employment, productivity and innovation
“We are in the midst of an unprecedented crisis in the recent history of Peru. One of the manifestations of this crisis is the fall in employment. At the end of last year we had a million fewer jobs than a year ago. we had started to reactivate production, we are still far from where […]
-
Miguel Jaramillo will be a panelist in the IDEHPUCP webinar on informality and human rights
14/10/2020 10:00 am Evento virtual Employment, productivity and innovation
The Institute for Democracy and Human Rights (IDEHPUCP) and the Working Group on Business and Human Rights – Voluntary Principles and Guiding Principles (GT) organize the webinar “Informality and human rights: Tracing routes for a common agenda”. With the COVID-19 outbreak and the adoption of measures such as mandatory social isolation to cope, concern around […]
-
GRADE celebrates 40 years of foundation on the sidelines of Peru’s bicentennial
01/06/2020 → 30/06/2021 Urbanization and sustainable cities, Education and learning, Employment, productivity and innovation, Rural development and agriculture, Ethnicity, gender and citizenship, Methodologies for research and evaluation of policy and programmes, Poverty and equality, Natural resources, extractive industries and social conflict, State reform and public institutions, Health and nutrition
When GRADE turned 35 in 2015, we researchers produced a set of research reports on key issues for the country’s development. These works, gathered in the book Research for development in Peru, sought to satisfy the demand for knowledge aimed at fostering a more informed debate on public policy in Peru. In the foreword of the publication, Javier […]
-
Lorena Alcázar will be a panelist at CIES-UNDP Peru dialogue on youth action against the pandemic
29/09/2020 4:00 pm Evento virtual Employment, productivity and innovation, Ethnicity, gender and citizenship
Youth has been one of the hardest hit not only by the direct impact of COVID-19 on the lives of young people, their families or their communities, but also by a reduction of spaces, funding and opportunities to play an active role in the response and recovery process. To discuss this issue, the Consortium for […]
-
Miguel Jaramillo and other experts will discuss the current economic recession in Ojo Público Ask
27/08/2020 6:30 pm Evento virtual Employment, productivity and innovation
The country is in a technical recession, that is, one step away from the economic crisis. How to reactivate the economy when you have a 70% labor informality? What social programs are a priority at this juncture? These issues will be discussed in a new edition of Ojo Público Ask, organized by Ojo Público. DISCUSSANTS […]
- Education and Learning
- Employment, Productivity and Innovation
- Rural Development and Agriculture
- Ethnicity, Gender and Citizenship
- Methodologies for Research and Evaluation of Policy and Programmes
- Poverty and Equity
- Natural Resources, Extractive Industries and Social Conflict
- State Reform and Public Institutions
- Health and Nutrition
- Urbanization and Sustainable Cities
