Employment, Productivity and Innovation
The main objective of various projects carried out at GRADE in this area has been to assess the economic impacts of labor legislation and its effects on the hiring of temporary workers, on employment rotation and mobility, or non-salary labor costs and on the demand for formal employment. Additional issues include the insertion of youth in the labor market, self-employment rates, the role of micro and small-scale enterprises in employment generation, and policies for driving innovation in the country.
Senior Researchers
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Juan José Díaz Noziglia
PhD en Economics - University of Maryland
Juan José Díaz has a PhD in Economics from the University of Maryland. He is currently a Senior Researcher at GRADE. His interests include the labor economy and evaluating social, educational, health and development programs.
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Miguel Jaramillo Baanante
PhD en History - University of California
Miguel Jaramillo has a degree in Economics from the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru. He completed his graduate studies in Economics and History at the University of California, where he received a PhD in History. His areas of interests are labor economics, social policy and institutional analysis. He is currently a Senior Researcher at GRADE. […]
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Máximo Torero Cullen (de licencia)
PhD en Economics - University of California, Los Angeles
Maximo received a PhD from the University of California at Los Angeles, Department of Economics and held a postdoctoral fellow position at the UCLA Institute for Social Science Research (ISSR). Currently, he is the Chief Economist of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Prior to joining FAO, he was the World Bank Group Executive Director for […]
External Affiliated Researchers
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Sonia Laszlo
PhD en - University of Toronto
Sonia Laszlo is Associate Professor of Economics and Director of the Institute for the Study of International Development. Her main research areas cover many aspects of applied microeconomic analysis in economic development: rural development, access to markets, and the relationship between income, health and education in economic development. In addition to using traditional analytic tools […]
Visiting Researchers
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Alessandro Goglio
PhD en - Graduate Institute of International Studies
Alessandro is a senior international economist with extensive experience advising governments on long-term reforms, policies, and programs, particularly in the areas of social and labor market reforms. He currently teaches Public Economics at LIUC Università Cattaneo (Castellanza, Italy), School of Economics, following thirty years at the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) in Paris. […]
Publications
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JournalThe Journal of Politics.
Do political preferences affect policy learning and uptake? Evidence from a field experiment with informal entrepreneurs
2023 Cesar Zucco, Anna-Katharina Lenz, Rafael Goldszmidt, Martin Valdivia
We examine whether political preferences affect uptake and learning about government programs in the context of Brazil’s Individual Microentrepreneur Program, which offers subsidized access to social security coverage and business-related incentives. We fielded a randomized intervention that provided one-on-one consultancy and assistance to informal entrepreneurs. Treatment increased formalization rates, but we found only weak evidence […]
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Promoviendo el empleo y la empleabilidad durante el COVID-19: evaluación de cuatro experiencias en América Latina
2023 Lorena Alcazar, Miguel Jaramillo, Fernando Távara
The COVID-19 pandemic and the measures to control it had a strong impact on the Latin American labor market. As a result of this crisis, the region experienced a rapid decline in its employed population and a significant rise in unemployment, which hit women and youth the hardest. In this context, Latin American countries implemented […]
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Mejorando la empleabilidad de mujeres urbanas vulnerables en tiempos de pandemia en el Perú: evaluación experimental del componente de capacitación virtual en un programa de empleo temporal
2023 Lorena Alcazar, Shirley Huerta
This paper evaluates the impact of a training programme delivered randomly to beneficiaries of the temporary employment programme Trabaja Perú (TP). This experiment offers the opportunity to examine the impact of the intervention targeting vulnerable women in a particular context of high unemployment such as that generated by COVID-19. The study uses a mainly quantitative […]
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Employment protection legislation and on-the-job training in an informal labor market: evidence from Peru
2022 Miguel Jaramillo, Bruno Escobar
Training and learning on the job are two critical channels for human capital accumulation during work years. Several studies in developed countries have found that fixed-term contract (FTC) workers receive less training sponsored by their employers than openended contract (OEC) workers do. In contrast, FTC workers participate more actively in informal learning during their job […]
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Innovación en el sector público
El Perú pendiente: ensayos para un desarrollo con bienestar2022 Juana Kuramoto
Innovation processes in the public sector are essential to generate new and improved services or goods, but also to reform and make the delivery process of existing ones more efficient. To this end, the government must be clear about the delivery model for these public services or goods, as well as the distribution of competencies […]
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Vocational and business training to improve women’s labour market outcomes in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review
2017
This Campbell systematic review examines the impact of vocational and business training targeted at women in low- and middle-income countries. The review summarises evidence from thirty-five quantitative studies with an experimental or quasi-experimental design. The review summarises the impact of 30 interventions, containing data from over 80,000 women. The qualitative narrative meta-synthesis includes findings from […]
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El género y las trayectorias hacia la adultez en el Perú: educación, trabajo y maternidad/paternidad
2017
In this paper we examine how gender affects the educational, employment and parenting trajectories of a sample of young people growing up in poverty in Peru. We report the outcomes and trajectories of 26 members of the older cohort who participated in the qualitative research of the longitudinal study Niños del Milenio between 2007 and […]
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Social media instruments and the promotion of financial inclusion in peruvian rural areas
2017
This study seeks to evaluate the use of short soap operas as a mechanism to promote the use of formal savings accounts among poor rural women that have been secularly excluded from healthy interactions with the formal financial sector. The authors developed a short soap opera (telenovela), named Josefa, which transmitted pro-savings messages using characters […]
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Impact Evaluation of the Job Youth Training Program Projoven
2016Juan Jose Diaz, ,
Sorry, this entry is only available in Español.
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Natural resources, redistribution and human capital formation
2016
How do resource booms affect human capital accumulation? The authors exploit time and spatial variation generated by the commodity boom across local governments in Peru to measure the effect of natural resources on human capital formation. The authors explore the effect of both mining production and tax revenues on test scores, finding a substantial and […]
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JournalLaborem
La perspectiva económica de la regulación laboral y la legislación laboral peruana
2016Miguel Jaramillo,
In this presentation I would like to convey to you the view of labor market regulation from the perspective of economics. In other words, how economists see labor law regulations, their motivations and objectives. From this reflection and the discussion of international evidence he presented some reflections on the regulation of the Peruvian labor market.
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JournalWorld Development
Participatory democracy and effective policy: is there a link? Evidence from rural Peru
2015Miguel Jaramillo,
We examine the relationship between participatory democratic institutions and effective agricultural policy in rural Peruvian municipalities, using a unique quantitative dataset of 100 Peruvian municipalities at two points in time, allowing us to examine (a) bottom-up, grassroots participatory governance institutions, and (b) Peru’s top-down participatory budgeting reform implemented in all Peruvian sub-national governments in the […]
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JournalJournal of Development Economics
Business training plus for female entrepreneurship? Short and medium-term experimental evidence from Peru
2015Martin Valdivia,
With millions of women around the developing world thrown into self-employment but with low productivity, increasing the profitability of their businesses is highly relevant for poverty reduction and gender equity. This study evaluates the impacts of a BDS program serving female microentrepreneurs in Lima using an experimental design, that included two treatment groups: One received […]
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JournalEnvironment and Development Economics
Extractive industries and local development in the Peruvian Highlands
2015Javier Escobal,
During the last 20 years, the mining sector in Peru has been experiencing sustained growth. Using census, administrative, nationally and regionally representative data we compare districts in the Peruvian Highlands with a recent mining development with suitable counterfactuals. We find that the new mining activities attract migration inflows, and have some positive effects over educational […]
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JournalRevista de Estudios Económicos
Productividad sectorial en el Perú: un análisis a nivel de firmas
2014Alan Sanchez,
In this paper we estimate the production function by economic sectors in Peru, we also characterize the productivity of firms by using two indicators: the total factor productivity and the labour productivity. The data correspond to the total formal firms observed between 2002 and 2011, information that allows to correct the traditional econometric problems behind […]
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Formalización empresarial y laboral
Hacia una desarrollo inclusivo: el caso del Perú2014Juan Jose Diaz,
Sorry, this entry is only available in Español.
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Evaluación de los programas de apoyo a las Pyme en Perú
Evaluación de impacto de los programas para pyme Latinoamerica y El Caribe2010Miguel Jaramillo, Juan Jose Diaz,
This report is the result of a research project that strictly evaluates the net impacts of participation in small and medium enterprise (SME) programmes in four Latin American countries: Chile, Mexico, Colombia and Peru. The objective of the research was to determine which programmes improve SME performance and to obtain information as to why some […]
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Prácticas exitosas de innovación empresarial y comportamiento tecnológico sectorial
Innovación empresarial y comportamiento tecnológico sectorial: experiencias exitosas y estudios de casos2010Juana Kuramoto,
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Descentralización de recursos humanos en educación: ¿mercado nacional o mercados regionales de docentes?
Conferencia de Economía Laboral: Tendencias del Empleo, Capital Humano, Informalidad y Rotación Laboral2008Miguel Jaramillo,
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Estructura ocupacional y formacion de clases sociales en el Perú: que nos dice la evidencia disponible sobre el Peru reciente
Clases sociales en el Perú: visiones y trayectoria2007Martín Benavides,
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Spotlight on publications: labour market policies in Latin America
2014Miguel Jaramillo,
The publications presented in this Spotlight represent some of the key resources dealing with issues related to labour market policies in Latin America. The selected publications focus on the following topics: Gender and Labour; Impact Evaluations; Labour Intermediation Services; Active and Passive Labour Market Policies and Programmes; and Labour Market Regulations and Development.
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Spotlight on organisations: labour market policies in Latin America
2014Miguel Jaramillo,
This spotlight highlights some of the key organisations working on labour market issues in Latin America, including labour policy in general, social protection, employment, youth employment, labour training, labour migration, and labour intermediation. The Spotlight has been divided between international organisations that address labour markets and other issues, and those organisations focusing solely on labour […]
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Labour market information programmes
2013Miguel Jaramillo,
Within the liberal economic model that spread across Latin America during the 1990s, free and open markets were considered the main mechanism for resource allocation. In this context, Latin American governments focused not on providing employment opportunities, but on supporting the workings of the labour market. One area where labour market failure had been identified […]
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Peru’s ProJoven Training Programme
2013Miguel Jaramillo,
ProJoven (Programa Nacional de Empleo Juvenil) is an archetypal demand-driven, private sector-engaged training programme of the 1990s that succeeded in reaching its target beneficiaries. Conceived as a social programme of the Ministry of Labour, ProJoven trained, in the short term, young people from households below the poverty line. Empirical evidence shows that the programme had […]
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Impacto de la licencia municipal en el desempeño de las microempresas en el Cercado de Lima
2013Lorena Alcazar, Miguel Jaramillo,
Sorry, this entry is only available in Español.
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Jóvenes emprendedores: evaluación de programas de promoción
2003Miguel Jaramillo,
El limitado dinamismo del mercado laboral asalariado en el Perú no permite absorber la demanda de puestos de trabajo de los jóvenes y muchos optan por generar su propio empleo. ¿Hay maneras efectivas de apoyarlos?
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Reformas estructurales y bienestar: una mirada al Perú de los noventa
2001,
Se discute la experiencias de la última década y se da una mirada crítica a algunos aspectos de lo acontecido con las reformas económicas y sociales de primera generación durante los noventas.
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Estrategias y racionalidad de la pequeña empresa
2001, Maximo Torero, Nestor Valdivia, ,
Resultados del trabajo de investigadores de GRADE como parte del proyecto "Micro, Pequeñas y Medianas Empresas en el Perú: Análisis de los Sectores de Confecciones, Metalmecánica y Servicios Informáticos".
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Exclusión y oportunidad: jóvenes urbanos y su inserción en el mercado de trabajo y en el mercado de capacitación
2001,
Algunas de las características demográficas y socioeconómicas más importantes de jóvenes de ciudades en hogares pobres, su perfil educativo y de capacitación, y su inserción en el mercado de trabajo.
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Balance de la investigación económica en el Perú
2000Javier Escobal,
The specific objectives of this work are: a) to gather a significant part of the best research produced, especially in recent years; b) to take stock of the studies identified, arranging them by areas and topics and, as the case may be, establishing contributions and limitations; c) to formulate a sufficiently broad agenda within each […]
No se han encontrado publicaciones de Employment, Productivity and Innovation en la categoría Mimeo
Projects
- Evidence and Lessons from Latin America (ELLA)September 2014
- Spatial analysis of the adoption of agricultural technologies in Peru: a view from the 2012 Agricultural and Livestock CensusJuly 2014
- Impact evaluation of business initiatives on the base of the social pyramidApril 2013 - October 2013
- Evaluation of the design and execution of public budgets (EDEPP) – Public Teaching CareerJanuary 2013 - May 2013
- Promoviendo el liderazgo de las mujeres en pequeñas empresasNovember 2012
- Mini-novels, financial education and savings promotionJuly 2012 - April 2014
- Annual monitoring of informal economy in PeruApril 2012 - December 2012
- Research balance and priorities in public policies in Peru 2007-2011: science, technology and innovationJanuary 2012 - May 2012
- Systematization of experiences in the execution of the research projects of the Science and Technology Program of Peru – FINCyTJanuary 2012 - April 2012
- Support in designing the specialized survey on innovation in the manufacturing sectorNovember 2011 - May 2012
News
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Goodbye demographic bonus: the sudden aging of the Peruvian labor market, by Miguel Jaramillo
June 17, 2024 Employment, productivity and innovation
“The size of the drop in labor supply is similar to that of the drop in youth employment. Thus, the propensity to hire young people has not changed, but the supply of young people in the labor market has fallen. The causes of this lie in the conjuncture, not in some structural factor.” Our senior […]
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Labour day: Miguel Jaramillo shares his thoughts on the state of the labour market in Peru
May 2, 2024 Employment, productivity and innovation
“I would not say that the employment has improved, but it has worsened in relation to pre-pandemic. Underemployment grew by more than 50%, the participation of young people in the labour market has fallen sharply and incomes have barely been able to keep up with inflation, thanks to the formal sector”. Our Senior Researcher Miguel Jaramillo and other experts share […]
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Regional Heterogeneities in Labor Markets: A World to Explore, by Miguel Jaramillo
April 1, 2024 Employment, productivity and innovation
“It is not necessarily the largest cities where the highest activity rates are observed. In fact, Metropolitan Lima, by far the largest city in the country, is toward the middle of the distribution, with two-thirds of its working-age population active in the labor market.” Our senior researcher Miguel Jaramillo writes about the importance of having […]
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The labor market in 2023, on a downward path, by Miguel Jaramillo
January 15, 2024 Employment, productivity and innovation
“At the end of the third quarter, according to the Permanent National Employment Survey, the labor force was stagnant, while inactivity had increased considerably, particularly in rural areas, where it increased by 20%.” Our Senior Researcher Miguel Jaramillo analyzes the labor market in 2023 and shares his expectations for this new year. Read his full […]
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Miguel Jaramillo’s opinion on the OECD’s recommendations for Peru in labor matters
September 29, 2023 Employment, productivity and innovation
“Social security is only 9% of non-wage costs. The analysis is correct, but politically it is not very viable. Lately they are aiming for more vacations and higher minimum salaries”. Our Senior Researcher Miguel Jaramillo gave his opinion on the proposals of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) for 2026 in labor matters. […]
Events
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Publication Presentation, GRADE on live, Webinar
GRADE 40 years | Book Launch “El Perú pendiente: ensayos para un desarrollo con bienestar”
01/09/2022 6:00 pm - 7:30 pm Zoom de GRADE Urbanization and sustainable cities, Education and learning, Employment, productivity and innovation, Rural development and agriculture, Ethnicity, gender and citizenship, Methodologies for research and evaluation of policy and programmes, Poverty and equality, Natural resources, extractive industries and social conflict, State reform and public institutions, Health and nutrition
El Grupo de Análisis para el Desarrollo (GRADE) organizes the launch of the book “El Perú pendiente: ensayos para un desarrollo con bienestar” (The Pending Peru: essays for a development with well-being), as part of the commemorative celebration for its forty years of institutional life. The book is a collection of essays that, from different conceptual and […]
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GRADE researchers will be speakers and discussants at the VII Annual Congress 2022 of the Peruvian Association of Economics (APE).
12/08/2022 → 13/08/2022 Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas – Campus San Isidro, Lima, Av. General Salaverry 2255, San Isidro Employment, productivity and innovation
GRADE researchers will be speakers and discussants at the VII Annual Congress 2022 of the Peruvian Association of Economics (APE). The event, organized by the Faculty of Economics of the Peruvian University of Applied Sciences, will take place on August 12 and 13, 2022. In this edition the theme is “Post-pandemic Economic and Social Challenges”. About […]
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Hugo Ñopo gave the conference Economic Perspectives to 2023 at the César Vallejo University Tarapoto
03/05/2022 7:00 pm Universidad César Vallejo Tarapoto Education and learning, Employment, productivity and innovation
“What if a part of the consumption tax goes to pensions? We have to rethink a new social protection where labor rights are universalized and are no longer just rights of formal workers. The new vision of labor regulation says that what What needs to be protected is not necessarily jobs, but people”. Watch again […]
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Miguel Jaramillo and Hugo Ñopo joined an IPE event on the economic impact of the new labor code
28/04/2022 8:00 am - 9:00 am Facebook del IPE Employment, productivity and innovation
“One of the most worrying things is the new regulations on fixed-term contracts. We have about two and a half million people, about half of the formal salaried PEA, who have temporary contracts. […] What will happen to them the day after this rule is approved? Will they be hired in the black, will they […]
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Hugo Ñopo joined a Club de Madrid and Southern Voice work session on the way to the World Social Summit 2025
04/02/2022 8:00 am Zoom de Southern Voice Employment, productivity and innovation
Hugo Ñopo, Senior Researcher at GRADE, outlined today a number of social develoment and cooperation priorities emerging from the Global South in a working session co-organized by the Club de Madrid and Southern Voice, on the way to the World Social Summit 2025. Former Heads of State and government and representatives from civil society organizations […]
- Education and Learning
- Employment, Productivity and Innovation
- Rural Development and Agriculture
- Ethnicity, Gender and Citizenship
- Methodologies for Research and Evaluation of Policy and Programmes
- Poverty and Equity
- Natural Resources, Extractive Industries and Social Conflict
- State Reform and Public Institutions
- Health and Nutrition
- Urbanization and Sustainable Cities
