Carmen Ponce San Román
PhD in Economics - Pontifical Catholic University of Peru
cponce@grade.org.pe
Carmen Ponce is an External Affiliated Researcher at GRADE and is currently affiliated as Visiting Researcher at the Centre for Research on Latin America and the Caribbean at York University (Toronto, Canada). She has a Ph.D. in Economics from the Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú and a MSc. In Economics from the University of Texas at Austin. Her areas of interest include climate change, poverty and inequality, rural development and child work.
Carmen has been a member of the Advisory Committee on Poverty at the National Statistics and Information Institute (INEI), member of the Board of the Permanent Seminar for Agricultural Research (SEPIA), and member of the Sub-Committee of Indigenous Peoples and Peasant Communities of the Committee for the Prevention and Eradication of Child Labor (CPETI). She was a member of the Save the Children-Canada Advisory Board on Children and Work between 20014 and 2019. Before joining GRADE, she worked as a project assistant at the national office of the Inter-American Development Bank where she monitored programs promoting income-generation amongst poor households. She has been a lecturer at the Universidad del Pacífico and at the National University Pedro Ruiz Gallo. Previously, she worked as a teaching assistant at the Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú and at the University of Texas at Austin.
Publications
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JournalThe Journal of Development Studies
Revisiting the determinants of non-farm labour income in the Peruvian Andes: the role of intra-seasonal climate variability and widespread family networks
2023 Carmen Ponce
As previous literature shows, non-farm income represents up to 50 per cent of rural household income in developing countries. Mostly due to a lack of representative information on climate and family networks, two key factors have been excluded in previous studies on income diversification: (i) the role of intra-seasonal climate variability (affected by climate change), […]
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JournalWorld Development
Intra-seasonal climate variability and crop diversification strategies in the Peruvian Andes: A word of caution on the sustainability of adaptation to climate change
2020 Carmen Ponce
Agricultural systems are highly sensitive to climate change. Most studies focus on the effect of heat and water availability on crop yields, but little is known about the impact of changes in intra-seasonal climate variability (particularly challenging in mountain regions). Also, beyond the effect on crop yields –mostly focused on single cropping systems and major […]
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JournalWorld Development
Challenges in using RCTs for evaluation of large-scale public programs with complex designs: Lessons from Peru
2020 Javier Escobal, Carmen Ponce
The use of randomized control trials (RCTs) to evaluate public policies and interventions in developing countries faces several challenges. These include limited budgets to finance sample designs and sample sizes required to evaluate multifaceted interventions, potential small-sample bias arising from such limited samples, and difficulties in random assignment when participants self-exclude from parts of the […]
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JournalWorld Development
Intra-seasonal climate variability and crop diversification strategies in the Peruvian Andes: A word of caution on the sustainability of adaptation to climate change
2019 Carmen Ponce
Agricultural systems are highly sensitive to climate change. Most studies focus on the effect of heat and water availability on crop yields, but little is known about the impact of changes in intra-seasonal climate variability (particularly challenging in mountain regions). Also, beyond the effect on crop yields –mostly focused on single cropping systems and major […]
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Reshaping the gender gap in child time use: unintended effects of a program expanding economic opportunities in the Peruvian Andes
2019 Carmen Ponce, Javier Escobal
In the last decades, a variety of public policies and programs across the developing world have helped narrow the historical gender gap in access to education and employment. Yet, the gender gap in higher education, labor income and power relations within families -and the rural society in general- is still substantial in most developing countries. […]
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Efectos heterogéneos del trabajo infantil en la adquisición de habilidades cognitivas
2012 Carmen Ponce
El estudio se ocupa de los efectos heterogéneos del trabajo en la formación de capital humano a través de una definición amplia de traba
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Trade liberalisation and child welfare: assessing the impact of a free trade agreement between Peru and the USA
2007 Javier Escobal, Carmen Ponce
Peru is in the process of negotiating a free trade agreement with the USA which would eliminate trade concessions on most goods and serv
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La liberación del comercio y el bienestar de la infancia: evaluando el impacto del Acuerdo de Libre Comercio entre Perú y Estados Unidos
2006 Javier Escobal, Carmen Ponce
Una dimensión poco explorada de uno de los temas más importantes de la agenda nacional actual: el probable impacto que tendría el Tratado de Libre Comercio entre el Perú y los Estados Unidos en los niños peruanos.
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El beneficio de los caminos rurales: ampliando oportunidades de ingreso para los pobres
2002 Javier Escobal, Carmen Ponce
Con hogares de algunos de los distritos más pobres del Perú, se compara hogares conectados a caminos rurales rehabilitados con hogares de control escogidos, mediante técnicas de propensity score matching.
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The benefits of rural roads: enhancing income opportunities for the rural poor
2002 Javier Escobal, Carmen Ponce
Most studies have measured the benefits of rehabilitated rural roads by focusing on reductions in monetary or time costs needed to access product and factor markets or key public social services. This paper complements these studies by evaluating their impact on key welfare indicators such as income or consumption. Looking at rural households living in […]
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JournalThe Journal of Development Studies
Revisiting the determinants of non-farm labour income in the Peruvian Andes: the role of intra-seasonal climate variability and widespread family networks
2023 Carmen Ponce
As previous literature shows, non-farm income represents up to 50 per cent of rural household income in developing countries. Mostly due to a lack of representative information on climate and family networks, two key factors have been excluded in previous studies on income diversification: (i) the role of intra-seasonal climate variability (affected by climate change), […]
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JournalWorld Development
Intra-seasonal climate variability and crop diversification strategies in the Peruvian Andes: A word of caution on the sustainability of adaptation to climate change
2020 Carmen Ponce
Agricultural systems are highly sensitive to climate change. Most studies focus on the effect of heat and water availability on crop yields, but little is known about the impact of changes in intra-seasonal climate variability (particularly challenging in mountain regions). Also, beyond the effect on crop yields –mostly focused on single cropping systems and major […]
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JournalWorld Development
Challenges in using RCTs for evaluation of large-scale public programs with complex designs: Lessons from Peru
2020 Javier Escobal, Carmen Ponce
The use of randomized control trials (RCTs) to evaluate public policies and interventions in developing countries faces several challenges. These include limited budgets to finance sample designs and sample sizes required to evaluate multifaceted interventions, potential small-sample bias arising from such limited samples, and difficulties in random assignment when participants self-exclude from parts of the […]
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JournalWorld Development
Intra-seasonal climate variability and crop diversification strategies in the Peruvian Andes: A word of caution on the sustainability of adaptation to climate change
2019 Carmen Ponce
Agricultural systems are highly sensitive to climate change. Most studies focus on the effect of heat and water availability on crop yields, but little is known about the impact of changes in intra-seasonal climate variability (particularly challenging in mountain regions). Also, beyond the effect on crop yields –mostly focused on single cropping systems and major […]
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JournalWorld Development
Linkage to dynamic markets and rural territorial development in Latin America
2015 Javier Escobal, Arilson Favareto, Francisco Aguirre, Carmen Ponce
Linkage to dynamic markets is a key factor in understanding why different rural territories in Latin America perform differently. This paper combines two conceptual frameworks (from the new economic geography and economic sociology) for an in-depth analysis of the mechanisms that operate in this linkage and to identify key factors that allow for inclusive economic […]
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Metodología cuantitativa de la evaluación del impacto
Combinando protección social con generación de oportunidades económicas: una evaluación del programa Haku Wiñay2016 Carmen Ponce, Javier Escobal
The quantitative component of this study assesses the initial impact of the Haku Wiñay project in a number of areas: the quality of life in the household —healthy practices, food security, solid waste management, among others—, the family production system —agricultural and forestry production technologies, small animal management, among others—, the generation of autonomous income […]
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Caracterizando la intervención
Combinando protección social con generación de oportunidades económicas: una evaluación del programa Haku Wiñay2016 Carmen Ponce, Javier Escobal
The chapter describes the design of the Haku Wiñay project according to the current guidelines of the Ministry of Development and Social Inclusion and shows its deployment in the national territory between 2012 and 2014, as well as the projection for the coming years.
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Impactos del proyecto desde una aproximación cuantitativa
Combinando protección social con generación de oportunidades económicas: una evaluación del programa Haku Wiñay2016 Javier Escobal, Carmen Ponce, Cynthia Paz
This chapter presents the results of the quantitative impact assessment of the Haku Wiñay project on the living conditions of households that have also been users of the Juntos programme. As mentioned in Chapter 2, the project seeks to influence various spheres of household life, and it is to be expected that in some of […]
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Combinando programas sociales con otras intervenciones
Combinando protección social con generación de oportunidades económicas: una evaluación del programa Haku Wiñay2016 Javier Escobal, Carmen Ponce
The authors present a discussion on the international experience of combining social programmes with productive interventions from a historical perspective. This chapter initiates reflection on the impact of the Haku Wiñay project in environments intervened by the Juntos programme, as it identifies consensus and shared challenges, based on national and international experience, in the search […]
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Cambio climático, uso de riego y estrategias de diversificación de cultivos en la sierra peruana
Agricultura peruana: nuevas miradas desde el censo agropecuario2015 Carmen Ponce, Carlos Alberto Arnillas, Javier Escobal
The objective of this study is to contribute to understanding the change in climatic conditions that occurred in the Peruvian highlands during the period 1994-2012, and to identify some of the effects that this change has had on the decisions linked to the productive strategies of farmers in this region; in particular, the use of […]
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Combinando programas sociales y programas productivos para enfrentar la pobreza extrema en áreas rurales: la evidencia de Haku Wiñay
2016 Javier Escobal, Carmen Ponce
Aportes para el desarrollo de programas orientados a fortalecer capacidades de generación de ingresos autónomos por parte de hogares rurales en situación de pobreza.
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Estrategias de intervención para el desarrollo rural en la Sierra sur del Perú: un estudio comparativo
2012 Javier Escobal, Carmen Ponce, Ramón Pajuelo, Mauricio Espinoza
Aportes para la construcción de un sistema de aprendizaje de las experiencias de desarrollo rural a partir de la comparación de dos proyectos para mejorar las condiciones de vida de la población rural pobre de la Sierra: Sierra Sur y Sierra Productiva
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Trayectorias desiguales: polarización y segregación en la distribución del ingreso en el Perú
2012 Javier Escobal, Carmen Ponce
Contributions to understanding the dynamics of inequality in income distribution over the last three decades.
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Efectos de las horas de trabajo infantil en el desarrollo de habilidades verbales y matemáticas
2012 Carmen Ponce
Aporte al debate en el Perú sobre la prevención y erradicación del trabajo infantil.
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Vulnerabilidad de los hogares peruanos ante el TLC
2006 Javier Escobal, Carmen Ponce
Vulnerabilidad de los hogares peruanos ante el TLC.
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Combinando protección social con generación de oportunidades económicas: una evaluación de los avances del programa Haku Wiñay
2016 Javier Escobal, Carmen Ponce, José Alfonso Heredia, María Isabel Remy
The aim of this volume is to provide rigorous evidence of the initial impacts of the Mi Chacra Emprendedora-Haku Wiñay project in a representative sample of its areas of intervention in the rural highlands. The first chapter of the book situates the project within the framework of interventions that combine productive development programmes with social […]
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Estudio comparativo de intervenciones para el desarrollo rural en la Sierra sur del Perú
2012 Javier Escobal, Carmen Ponce, Ramón Pajuelo, Mauricio Espinoza
Comparación del desempeño relativo de dos proyectos para mejorar las condiciones de vida de la población rural pobre de la Sierra sur. El objetivo último es ayudar a la construcción de un sistema de aprendizaje de las experiencias de desarrollo rural.
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Desarrollo rural y recursos naturales
2012 Javier Escobal, Carmen Ponce, Manuel Glave, Gerardo Damonte
Tres Mimeos del Seminario Recursos naturales y desarrollo rural en el Perú (1980-2010) realizado en noviembre del 2010 con el auspicio de la Fundación Ford, a través del Instituto de Educación Internacional y del IDRC.
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Estado de la niñez en el Perú 2011
2011 Martín Benavides, Carmen Ponce,
El Mimeo presenta tanto las mejoras en los últimos años como las inequidades en términos del cumplimiento de los derechos de niñas, niños y adolescentes peruanos en el ámbito nacional, regional y local.
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Estado de la niñez indígena en el Perú
2010 Martín Benavides, Carmen Ponce, Magrith Mena
Sorry, this entry is only available in European Spanish.
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Reshaping the gender gap in child time use: unintended effects of a program expanding economic opportunities in the Peruvian Andes
2019 Carmen Ponce, Javier Escobal
In the last decades, a variety of public policies and programs across the developing world have helped narrow the historical gender gap in access to education and employment. Yet, the gender gap in higher education, labor income and power relations within families -and the rural society in general- is still substantial in most developing countries. […]
Projects
- Impact of a productive project on the use of time profiles of members of rural households: gender structure in a context of change in the income generation strategies of the poorest householdsApril 2017 - September 2017
- Life strategies in a context of transformations in rural highlands: climate change, migration corridors and income diversificationDecember 2016 - November 2017
- Access to irrigation and changes in the crop portfolio in the Peruvian rural highlands in environments of climatic vulnerabilityAugust 2014 - March 2016
- Learning about the complementarities of conditional cash transfer programs and productive support programs for rural households in poverty situationNovember 2012 - October 2014
- Emblematic indicators of the National System for Social Inclusion and DevelopmentMarch 2012 - March 2012
- Nutritional paths during childhood: what conditions favor recovery from chronic malnutrition?January 2012 - August 2012
- Comparative Study of public interventions for rural development in the Peruvian AndesJune 2011 - May 2012
- The situation of childhood in PeruJuly 2010 - September 2010
- New articulation styles between the Andes and the capital: the case of rural territorial dynamics in Jauja, JunínJuly 2009
- Study on the status of children and indigenous children in PeruMarch 2009 - November 2009
Media
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Carmen Ponce: Towards a gender-transformative approach into graduation programs
January 16, 2020 Poverty and equality
What is the main challenge for integrating gender transformative approach into graduation programs? Our Associated Researcher, Carmen Ponce, shared her reflections as part of a 2019 workshop held by Fundación Capital, the International Development Research Centre (IDRC) and the World Bank’s Partnership for Economic Inclusion (PEI). To read more insights from the workshop, read Fundación […]
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Carolina Trivelli highlights the evaluation findings of Haku Wiñay, led by Javier Escobal and Carmen Ponce
July 18, 2016 Rural development and agriculture
Carolina Trivelli, former Ministry of Development and Social Inclusion, highlights the evaluation findings of the Haku Wiñay program, led by our researchers Javier Escobal and Carmen Ponce: “Those who received the program report significantly more income, a varied diet and consume more animal protein; show better health (less disease), use less wood, have higher financial inclusion, and more”.
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¿Qué condiciones facilitan la recuperación de la desnutrición?
February 22, 2013 Poverty and equality
Sorry, this entry is only available in European Spanish.
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Algunos trabajos infantiles compensan la mala calidad educativa de las zonas rurales
April 27, 2012 Poverty and equality
Sorry, this entry is only available in European Spanish.
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El trabajo infantil y la agenda interna
July 2, 2008 Ethnicity, gender and citizenship
Sorry, this entry is only available in European Spanish.
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¿Qué condiciones facilitan la recuperación de la desnutrición?
February 22, 2013 Poverty and equality
Sorry, this entry is only available in European Spanish.
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El trabajo infantil y la agenda interna
July 2, 2008 Ethnicity, gender and citizenship
Sorry, this entry is only available in European Spanish.
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Carmen Ponce: Towards a gender-transformative approach into graduation programs
January 16, 2020 Poverty and equality
What is the main challenge for integrating gender transformative approach into graduation programs? Our Associated Researcher, Carmen Ponce, shared her reflections as part of a 2019 workshop held by Fundación Capital, the International Development Research Centre (IDRC) and the World Bank’s Partnership for Economic Inclusion (PEI). To read more insights from the workshop, read Fundación […]
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Algunos trabajos infantiles compensan la mala calidad educativa de las zonas rurales
April 27, 2012 Poverty and equality
Sorry, this entry is only available in European Spanish.
No se han encontrado novedades de Carmen Ponce en la categoría Interview
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Carolina Trivelli highlights the evaluation findings of Haku Wiñay, led by Javier Escobal and Carmen Ponce
July 18, 2016 Rural development and agriculture
Carolina Trivelli, former Ministry of Development and Social Inclusion, highlights the evaluation findings of the Haku Wiñay program, led by our researchers Javier Escobal and Carmen Ponce: “Those who received the program report significantly more income, a varied diet and consume more animal protein; show better health (less disease), use less wood, have higher financial inclusion, and more”.