Miguel Jaramillo Baanante
Senior Researcher
PhD in History - University of California
mjaramillo@grade.org.pe
Miguel Jaramillo has a degree in Economics from the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru. He completed his graduate studies in Economics and History at the University of California, where he received a PhD in History. His areas of interests are labor economics, social policy and institutional analysis. He is currently a Senior Researcher at GRADE.
He has taught classes in economics at the Pontifical Catholic University and at the Pacific University. He has served as Advisor to Vice Ministers and Ministers in the fields of labor, social promotion and industry, having been Vice Minister of Social Promotion as well as a member of the Advisory Committee for the Ministry of Labor and Social Promotion.
Miguel has conducted research projects and consultancies for the International Labor Office, the Inter-American Development Bank, the World Bank, the Ministry of Labor and Social Promotion, the Andean Development Corporation, the Food and Agriculture Organization, the Ministry of Education, and the United Nations Development Program, to name but a few. He was Project Director and Senior Researcher at the APOYO Institute, an Executive Board member of the National Industrial Work Training Service (SENATI) between 1997 and 2000, a member of the Non-permanent Specialized Committee (CENPES) for Development and Productive Employment of the Organization of American States (OAS) and Founding Director of the Executive Board of the National Fund for Professional Training and Employment Promotion (FONDOEMPLEO), and a member of the Poverty and Inequality Research Network (NIP) where he also held a seat on the Executive Board between 2009 and 2011.
He is currently a member of the National Labor Council and Vicepresident of the Peruvian Economic Association..
Publications
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Inversión pública y desigualdad en América Latina
2022 Lorena Alcazar, Miguel Jaramillo
Based on two case studies, in Peru and Colombia, this study finds that public investment has an inequality-reducing effect, but a very small one, so that a large investment would be needed to achieve a minimal reduction in inequality. In addition, it is found that the effect of public investment depends on the level of […]
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Actitudes ante el riesgo y preferencias intertemporales de los trabajadores peruanos
2022 Miguel Jaramillo, Kristian López, Óscar Rodríguez, Diego Tocre
Every individual, when making economic decisions, must evaluate different options with uncertain results that will affect their well-being at different moments in time. Based on the meeting between theoretical and experimental economics, this document estimates the risk and intertemporal consumption preferences of Peruvian workers. The authors contribute in two ways: they study how workers make […]
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JournalEnergy for Sustainable Development
Energy saving behaviours of middle class households in Ghana, Peru and the Philippines
2022 Babette Never, Sascha Kuhn, Hanna Fuhrmann-Riebel, Jose Ramon Albert, Sebastian Gsell, Miguel Jaramillo, Bernardin Sendaza
Demand-side management of energy seeks to foster energy efficiency investments and curtailment behaviour in households. The role of environmental concern and knowledge for both types of energy saving behaviour has hardly been investigated in middle income countries with growing middle classes and rising electricity demand. Drawing on unique household survey data from Ghana, Peru and […]
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Reactivando para un mejor país después de la pandemia de COVID-19: una propuesta de diagnóstico de acción para el Perú
2021 Miguel Jaramillo, Bruno Escobar
In this document, we present an economic analysis of Peru before and after the pandemic, along with a five-year financially sustainable recovery plan aimed at “reviving for a better country”. Our plan emphasizes the urgent need to address some of the country’s structural weaknesses. We stress the importance of public investment in this effort, but […]
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Building back better after the COVID-19 pandemic
2021 Miguel Jaramillo, Bruno Escobar
In this policy-oriented paper, we provide a pre- and post-pandemic socioeconomic analysis of Peru, along with a financially sustainable five-year Building Back Better recovery plan, which emphasizes the urgency of addressing some of the country’s structural weaknesses. We underscore the importance of public investment for this effort, but widen the focus to include current public […]
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Does participatory budgeting have an effect on the quality of public services? The case of Peru’s water and sanitation sector
2013 Miguel Jaramillo, Lorena Alcazar
Since 2004 the government of Peru has implemented a process of participatory budgeting (PB), which is mandatory for every sub-national government. We analyze the link from PB to coverage and water service quality indicators. We find no statistically significant relationship between PB and our measures of coverage and service continuity, regardless of whether the outcome […]
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Does participatory budgeting have an effect on the quality of public services? The case of Peru’s water and sanitation sector
2013 Miguel Jaramillo, Lorena Alcazar
Since 2004 the government of Peru has implemented a process of participatory budgeting (PB), which is mandatory for every sub-national government. We analyze the link from PB to coverage and water service quality indicators. We find no statistically significant relationship between PB and our measures of coverage and service continuity, regardless of whether the outcome […]
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Pobreza e impactos heterogéneos de las políticas activas del empleo juvenil: el caso de PROJOVEN en el Perú
2009 Miguel Jaramillo, José Galdo, Verónica Montalva
This study analyses the relationship between household poverty and the impacts of active employment promotion policies in Peru. In particular, we analyse the PROJOVEN Youth Employment Training Programme, which, since 1996, has directly benefited close to 50,000 poor youth. The poverty status of PROJOVEN beneficiaries is approximated with an index based on 21 household assets. […]
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¿Cómo se ajusta el mercado de trabajo ante cambios en el salario mínimo en el Perú?: una evaluación de la experiencia de la última década
2006 Miguel Jaramillo, Kristian López
After reaching a historic peak in 1986, the minimum wage fell sharply, along with the average level of wages, until the early 1990s. Since the mid-1990s, however, it has risen sharply, approaching the average level of wages for both unskilled and informal workers. This study describes the institutional framework of the minimum wage in the […]
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An evaluation of the peruvian “Youth Labor Training Program” – Projoven
2006 Miguel Jaramillo, Juan Jose Diaz
The “Youth Labor Training Program” (Programa de Capacitacion Laboral Juvenil – PROJoven) is an ongoing job-training program created in 1996 by the Ministry of Labor (Ministerio de Trabajo y Promocion del Empleo) in response to the precarious conditions of youth in the Peruvian labor market. The goals of the program are to improve employment opportunities […]
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JournalLaborem
La perspectiva económica de la regulación laboral y la legislación laboral peruana
2016 Miguel Jaramillo
In this presentation I would like to convey to you the view of labor market regulation from the perspective of economics. In other words, how economists see labor law regulations, their motivations and objectives. From this reflection and the discussion of international evidence he presented some reflections on the regulation of the Peruvian labor market.
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JournalAnales de la Facultad de Medicina
El sistema regional de salud de San Martín y su política de reducción de la desnutrición infantil: aplicación en el Perú del énfoque de evaluación de sistemas de salud
2015 Pedro Mendoza, Patricia Mostajo, Aníbal Velásquez, Armando Cotrina, Miguel Jaramillo
Chronic infant malnutrition is one of the main public health issues in Peru and in the world. The objective of the study was to determine achievements and limitations of a regional policy against chronic infant malnutrition in a Region of Peru. For the qualitative study, the authors used the Health System Assessment Approach, as promoted […]
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JournalWorld Development
Participatory democracy and effective policy: is there a link? Evidence from rural Peru
2015 Miguel Jaramillo, Glenn Daniel Wright
We examine the relationship between participatory democratic institutions and effective agricultural policy in rural Peruvian municipalities, using a unique quantitative dataset of 100 Peruvian municipalities at two points in time, allowing us to examine (a) bottom-up, grassroots participatory governance institutions, and (b) Peru’s top-down participatory budgeting reform implemented in all Peruvian sub-national governments in the […]
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JournalPublic Finance Review
The incidence of social spending and taxes in Peru
2014 Miguel Jaramillo
Standard tax and benefit incidence analysis is used to estimate the effects of fiscal policy on poverty and inequality in Peru. Results suggest that the extent of inequality and poverty reduction induced by Peru’s fiscal policy is small. This result is associated with low social spending rather than with inefficient spending. Most social spending components […]
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JournalInternational Journal of Educational Development
The changing role of international cooperation in developing countries (as they develop): A case study of skills development policies in Peru.
2012 Miguel Jaramillo
A focus on the changes in the relationship between international cooperation and local actors in the skills development field in Peru as the country strengthened its financial position in the last two decades allows us to examine the role of the economic factor in these changes.
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Evaluación de los programas de apoyo a las Pyme en Perú
Evaluación de impacto de los programas para pyme Latinoamerica y El Caribe2010 Miguel Jaramillo, Juan Jose Diaz
This report is the result of a research project that strictly evaluates the net impacts of participation in small and medium enterprise (SME) programmes in four Latin American countries: Chile, Mexico, Colombia and Peru. The objective of the research was to determine which programmes improve SME performance and to obtain information as to why some […]
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Inequality in post-structural reform Peru: the role of market forces and public policy
Declining inequality in Latin America. A decade of progress?2010 Miguel Jaramillo
Latin America is often singled out for its high and persistent income inequality. Toward the end of the 1990s, however, income concentration began to fall across the region. Of the seventeen countries for which comparable data are available, twelve have experienced a decline, particularly since 2000. This book is among the first efforts to understand […]
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Descentralización de recursos humanos en educación: ¿mercado nacional o mercados regionales de docentes?
Conferencia de Economía Laboral: Tendencias del Empleo, Capital Humano, Informalidad y Rotación Laboral2008 Miguel Jaramillo
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Perfil del director y del docente del colegio secundario rural
Estudio sobre la oferta y demanda de educación secundaria en zonas rurales2007 Miguel Jaramillo
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El colegio: características, recursos y el entorno de la comunidad
Estudio sobre la oferta y demanda de educación secundaria en zonas rurales2007 Miguel Jaramillo
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Expansión de las microfinanzas en zonas rurales de América Latina
2014 Miguel Jaramillo
The inclusion of rural populations in financial markets has long been a social objective of developing countries worldwide. Indeed, pioneering work in the field of microfinance initially focused on rural areas. This brief analyses the impacts of microfinance in rural areas through evidence on rural poverty, as well as the positive effects on consumption and […]
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Innovaciones institucionales y normativas para el desarrollo de las microfinanzas en América Latina
2014 Miguel Jaramillo
The current performance of the microfinance sector is related to the financial sector reforms in Latin American countries, which started in the late 1980s. Prior to these reforms, the development of microfinance was limited by the excessive regulation of the financial sector, which was mainly based on state involvement. The optimisation of the regulatory framework […]
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Innovaciones tecnológicas en las microfinanzas en América Latina
2014 Miguel Jaramillo
Sorry, this entry is only available in European Spanish.
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Spotlight on publications: labour market policies in Latin America
2014 Miguel Jaramillo
The publications presented in this Spotlight represent some of the key resources dealing with issues related to labour market policies in Latin America. The selected publications focus on the following topics: Gender and Labour; Impact Evaluations; Labour Intermediation Services; Active and Passive Labour Market Policies and Programmes; and Labour Market Regulations and Development.
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Spotlight on organisations: labour market policies in Latin America
2014 Miguel Jaramillo
This spotlight highlights some of the key organisations working on labour market issues in Latin America, including labour policy in general, social protection, employment, youth employment, labour training, labour migration, and labour intermediation. The Spotlight has been divided between international organisations that address labour markets and other issues, and those organisations focusing solely on labour […]
No se han encontrado publicaciones de Miguel Jaramillo en la categoría Book
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Projects
- The coronavirus pandemic and its impact on the economic autonomy of womenApril 2020
- Mixed evaluation of the implementation of the Ministry of Health Home Visits with Social Actors intervention, on the sidelines of child health priorityMarch 2020
- Preparation of the Proposal of the National Employment Service Attention ModelAugust 2019
- Diagnosis and proposal of restructuring and efficiency measures for Employment Promotion ProgramsJune 2019
- Impact evaluation course for the Superintendency of Banking and InsuranceMay 2019
- The Peruvian institutional response to Venezuelan migrationFebruary 2019
- Household survey, middle class consumption patterns in LimaOctober 2018
- Leer Juntos – Aprender Juntos, Fase 2, Ronda 3May 2016
- Amazonía Lee, segunda rondaMay 2016
- Democracy and local governments in developing nations: What are the effects of tweaking the voters will in favor of the winners?March 2016
Media
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Miguel Jaramillo shares his opinion on an eventual increase of the Peruvian minimum wage. Via La República de Colombia
November 4, 2024 Employment, productivity and innovation
“The minimum wage decision is not based on technical and economic grounds, it is a political decision”. Our senior researcher Miguel Jaramillo shares his thoughts on the new proposals for an eventual increase in the Peruvian minimum wage. Read the article on the website of La República de Colombia here.
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Miguel Jaramillo shares his opinion on the increase in public employment. Via Gestión.
October 29, 2024 Employment, productivity and innovation
According to Miguel Jaramillo, Senior Researcher at GRADE, the increase of employment in the public sector “would be correlated to the progress of public investment, but he warned that as a trend ‘it is fatal’ because of its implications on public finances”. Read the full article in Gestión for subscribers here.
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Miguel Jaramillo shares his thoughts on the increase in formal employment. Via Gestión.
October 24, 2024 Employment, productivity and innovation
According to Miguel Jaramillo, Senior Researcher at GRADE, the figures from the Central Reserve Bank “reinforce the idea that the public sector is gaining more weight in spending on salaries, which could have long-term consequences if the private sector does not retake the lead in job creation”. Read the full article in Gestión for subscribers […]
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Miguel Jaramillo shares his thoughts on proposals to reestablish compulsory military service
October 23, 2024 Employment, productivity and innovation
According to Miguel Jaramillo, Senior Researcher at GRADE, bill No. 9166 would not contribute to the labor market nor is it positive for employment, because it would not fullfill its aim of providing training and development opportunities for young people who are neither studying nor working, since”evidence shows that the Army is very attractive to them”. Read the full article by El Comercio here. […]
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Opinión de Miguel Jaramillo sobre empleo y subempleo para Gestión
October 17, 2024
Sorry, this entry is only available in European Spanish.
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The labor market in 2023, on a downward path, by Miguel Jaramillo
January 15, 2024 Employment, productivity and innovation
“At the end of the third quarter, according to the Permanent National Employment Survey, the labor force was stagnant, while inactivity had increased considerably, particularly in rural areas, where it increased by 20%.” Our Senior Researcher Miguel Jaramillo analyzes the labor market in 2023 and shares his expectations for this new year. Read his full […]
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“Urgent: better opportunities for young people,” by Miguel Jaramillo
September 19, 2023 Employment, productivity and innovation
“Entering the labor market through precarious jobs often leads to equally precarious life and work trajectories.” Miguel Jaramillo, senior researcher at GRADE, writes about the urgency of promoting better opportunities for young people and the challenges for policy design. Read his full article in El Comercio.
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#8M La Mirada: Women workers, in the crisis and after, by Miguel Jaramillo
March 19, 2023 Employment, productivity and innovation, Ethnicity, gender and citizenship
“Women have more self-employment and less salaried work, figure less among business employers and more among unpaid family workers.” Miguel Jaramillo, senior researcher at GRADE, writes about the impact of the pandemic and the policies implemented in that context on the participation of women workers in economic activity. Read the full op-ed in El Comercio […]
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El mercado laboral del 2022: persisten los déficits estructurales
January 8, 2023 Employment, productivity and innovation
“Formal employment grew in all age groups, but particularly among the youngest, and at all educational levels, although more so among people with completed secondary school and higher education, where the bulk of the labor force is concentrated. It also grew more among men than women”. Miguel Jaramillo, senior researcher at GRADE, writes in El […]
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The half that is still far away, by Miguel Jaramillo
November 23, 2022 Employment, productivity and innovation
“As long as half of our population does not come close to reaching their productive potential, talk of development will continue to be a quimera”. Miguel Jaramillo, Senior Researcher at GRADE, writes in Jugo de Caigua about the gaps between men and women in the labor market.
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Miguel Jaramillo shares his thoughts on the increase in formal employment. Via Gestión.
October 24, 2024 Employment, productivity and innovation
According to Miguel Jaramillo, Senior Researcher at GRADE, the figures from the Central Reserve Bank “reinforce the idea that the public sector is gaining more weight in spending on salaries, which could have long-term consequences if the private sector does not retake the lead in job creation”. Read the full article in Gestión for subscribers […]
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Miguel Jaramillo shares his thoughts on proposals to reestablish compulsory military service
October 23, 2024 Employment, productivity and innovation
According to Miguel Jaramillo, Senior Researcher at GRADE, bill No. 9166 would not contribute to the labor market nor is it positive for employment, because it would not fullfill its aim of providing training and development opportunities for young people who are neither studying nor working, since”evidence shows that the Army is very attractive to them”. Read the full article by El Comercio here. […]
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Opinión de Miguel Jaramillo sobre empleo y subempleo para Gestión
October 17, 2024
Sorry, this entry is only available in European Spanish.
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Labour day: Miguel Jaramillo shares his thoughts on the state of the labour market in Peru
May 2, 2024 Employment, productivity and innovation
“I would not say that the employment has improved, but it has worsened in relation to pre-pandemic. Underemployment grew by more than 50%, the participation of young people in the labour market has fallen sharply and incomes have barely been able to keep up with inflation, thanks to the formal sector”. Our Senior Researcher Miguel Jaramillo and other experts share […]
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Miguel Jaramillo discusses on the regulation that allows the entry of retired interim teachers into the teaching profession
April 10, 2024 Education and learning
For Miguel Jaramillo, the regulation that allows the entry of interim teachers retired from the teaching service would be unconstitutional because it does not respect the concept of not submitting spending initiatives. The opinion of our senior researcher was reported by El Comercio.
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Miguel Jaramillo in Sudaca Perú: What is going on in the labour sector?
April 19, 2022 Employment, productivity and innovation
“What this bill does is make formal hiring more expensive. It will be more difficult for the most productive companies to hire more workers. There’s not much to look forward to in terms of productivity gains. The only beneficiaries of this code are workers who have a permanent contract and, particularly, unionized workers. [However] unionization […]
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Interview, Media GRADE, GRADE frente al COVID-19
Miguel Jaramillo in Bloomberg Línea: “The probability of a young person getting a formal job would be even more difficult”
April 14, 2022 Employment, productivity and innovation
“The probability of a young person getting a formal job, which is already ridiculously low, would be even more difficult. If the labor policy announcements are oriented towards the fact that it will cost more to fire, that temporary contracts are limited, how do you want firms hire more? If the government really wants to […]
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Interview, Media GRADE, GRADE frente al COVID-19
University graduates and employment: Interview with Miguel Jaramillo in RPP’s Así somos
February 16, 2022 Employment, productivity and innovation
“The time for emergency employment has passed. A year ago, one could think of using temporary employment through public investment to generate more jobs. But what is needed now is that the engines of regular employment growth are put in place. Policies are needed to promote employment in the private sector. Unfortunately, none aim to […]
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Interview, Media GRADE, GRADE frente al COVID-19
Miguel Jaramillo: “Under these conditions I do not see firms in Peru eager to invest and generate formal employment”
September 6, 2021 Employment, productivity and innovation
For Miguel Jaramillo, it is “totally insufficient” to seek the reactivation of employment only through temporary jobs. On the other hand, it considers that the range of access to vaccination for the youngest should be expanded. “It seems to me that a massive temporary employment program with small infrastructure works is now necessary, perhaps managed […]
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Miguel Jaramillo in RPP Noticias: Young people face informality and unemployment in the labor market
November 23, 2020 Employment, productivity and innovation
“It is very difficult to think of a mechanism to cover these episodes of high unemployment, precarious or informal labor insertion, because we do not have well-established social protection systems that do not depend on employment status.” Our senior researcher Miguel Jaramillo spoke with the journalist Patricia del Río of Radio Programa del Perú Noticias about […]
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A radiography of informality. El Comercio highlighted Miguel Jaramillo’s study on the demand for formality among microfirms
July 3, 2017 Employment, productivity and innovation
The Peruvian Institute of Economics (IPE) published an article on the evidence around informality. For this, gathers our Executive Director Miguel Jaramillo’s findings on the demand for formality among microfirms in Downtown Lima, Is there demand for formality among informal firms? Evidence from microfirms in downtown Lima (GRADE 2013): “The study reports that only one out of […]
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Jaime de Althaus highlights Miguel Jaramillo’s study of 2004 on the regulation of labor market in Peru
June 30, 2017 Employment, productivity and innovation
In his op-ed titled “Overregulation is not ideological”, journalist Jaime de Althaus highlights one of Miguel Jaramillo’s findings of 2004 on the regulation of labor market in Peru: “There is the myth that in the 90’s labor was desregulated and therefore precarious and informalized. But the truth is that non-wage labor costs (“benefits”) went from 48% […]
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Faces of Reform: Miguel Jaramillo joins the Social Protection Commitee
January 12, 2017 Employment, productivity and innovation
The Ministry of Economy and Finance of Peru released its Social Protection Commitee, whose main function is to offer recommendations to improve the coverage and quality of social protection services (pension, health and unemployment), under a tax sustainability and formalization-drive framework. Our executive director, Miguel Jaramillo, is one of the five external independent experts appointed for this […]
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Miguel Jaramillo fue designado integrante del Consejo de la Orden de Trabajo
March 26, 2014 Employment, productivity and innovation
Sorry, this entry is only available in European Spanish.
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Sueldo mínimo y crisis ministerial: El salario del miedo
February 25, 2014 Employment, productivity and innovation
Sorry, this entry is only available in European Spanish.
Presentations
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¿Tiene el Presupuesto Participativo efecto en la calidad de los servicios públicos? El caso del sector de agua y saneamiento en el Peru
Lima-Perú, 15 June, 2017
Presentación del libro "Mejorando el acceso y la calidad de los servicios públicos en América Latina: gobernar y servir”
Selected Publications
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Contratos laborales en el Perú: dinámica y determinantes
2019 Miguel Jaramillo, Daniela Campos
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Los efectos desprotectores de la protección del empleo. El impacto de la reforma del contrato laboral de 2001
2019 Miguel Jaramillo, Julio Almonacid, Luciana de la Flor
