Ethnicity, Gender and Citizenship
Despite social progress and economic advancement in recent years, different forms of social exclusion persist in Peru, which limit the access to development resources for indigenous peoples and Peruvians of African descent. These communities’ ability to fully realize their social, economic, and civil rights is in turn severely diminished. Along with these forms of social exclusion, various mores and institutions of Peruvian society perpetuate other types of social inequalities based on gender and have resulted in unequal opportunities for men and women in our country.
Both forms of inequality have structural roots that not only manifest themselves in civic and economic life, but also find expression in daily acts of discrimination and violence (physical and symbolic).
In this context, GRADE has produced a corpus of studies that explores the multiple dimensions of these forms of social inequality. The studies seek, above all, to bring these problems to the fore by measuring the magnitude of their impact on society, and in turn, we have created a resource for data and analysis that responds to these inequalities.
Building on these studies, we have begun to explore both the causes and consequences of these forms of exclusion, discrimination, and violence. We additionally conduct advocy with the state to incorporate solutions to these issues into its public policy agenda, and we likewise consult on the design of these policy resolutions..
Senior Researchers
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María Balarin Bonazzi
PhD en Educational Policy - University of Bath
María is a Senior Researcher at the Group for the Analysis of Development (GRADE) where she has a broad portfolio of both applied and academic research. Her applied work focuses on the analysis and qualitative evaluation of educational and social policies, with a special focus on processes of policy implementation. Her academic work has mostly focused […]
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Martín Benavides Abanto (on leave)
PhD en Sociology - Pennsylvania State University
Martín Benavides has a PhD in Sociology from Pennsylvania State University where he also attained a Master’s Degree in Education Policy. He has a degree in Sociology and a BA in Sociology from the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru, and has been a visiting student on issues of social mobility and inequality at Nuffield College […]
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Juan León Jara-Almonte
PhD en - Pennsylvania State University
Juan has a PhD in Educational Theory and Policy and Comparative & International Education from Pennsylvania State University. He holds a Bachelor’s degree in Social Sciences with mention in Economics from the Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Currently, he is a Senior Researcher at GRADE. His research interests are inequality in education, intercultural bilingual education, early […]
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Martín Valdivia Huaringa
PhD en Applied Economics - University of Minnesota
Martin Valdivia has a PhD in Applied Economics from the University of Minnesota. He has worked as a Senior Researcher at GRADE since 1993. His fields of interest include entrepreneurship, financial inclusion, rural development and more recently democratic governance, with publications in journals such as the Review of Economics and Statistics, the Journal of Development […]
Associated Researchers
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Néstor Valdivia Vargas
PhD candidate en Sociology - El Colegio de México
Néstor Valdivia is studying for a PhD in Sociology at El Colegio de México and holds a degree in Sociology from the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru. He is currently an Associate Researcher at GRADE in the fields of poverty and equality, education, the labor market and human development. He has worked on development and […]
External Consultants
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Paulo César Carrasco Fernández
Degree en - Pedro Ruíz Gallo National University
Paulo holds a Degree in Sociology from the National University Pedro Ruiz Gallo in Lambayeque and is a member of the Professional Board of Sociologists in Peru (Colegio de Sociólogos del Perú). Currently he is a Field Supervisor of the Childhood, Violence and Development Project funded by Bernard van Leer Foundation.
Publications
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Experiencias de convivencia, matrimonio y maternidad/paternidad en adolescentes y jóvenes peruanos
2019 Vanessa Rojas,
Sorry, this entry is only available in European Spanish.
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Criminal Legalities in the Global South. Cultural Dynamics, Political Tensions, and Institutional Practices
Criminal Legalities in the Global South: Cultural dynamics, political tensions and institutional practices2019 Wilson Hernández
In Peru, corruption is widespread. Under the intention of addressing the problem of corruption, the justice system reacted by creating a specialized sub judicial system, which accompanied the introduction of a new Criminal Procedure Code that allowed less bureaucratic oral criminal proceedings. While these changes promised justice and efficiency, in this chapter it is argued […]
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JournalJournal of Prevention & Intervention in the Community
History matters, but differently: Persisting and perpetuating effects on the likelihood of intimate partner violence
2019 Wilson Hernández, Rosa Luz Durán
Ecological models of violence center on systems (micro, meso, and macro) surrounding personal history of violence, but few studies properly assess the effects of personal history on the likelihood of victimization. Using the Peruvian Demographic and Health Survey (N=74,204), the authors examine the effect personal history of violence has on the likelihood of recent intimate […]
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Medición de la prevalencia de la violencia física y psicológica hacia niñas, niños y adolescentes, y sus factores asociados en el Perú. Evidencia de Niños del Milenio
2019 Alan Sanchez, Alessandra Hidalgo
The prevalence of violence —in particular against children and adolescents— is one of the great pending challenges in Peru. This paper uses data from the Young Lives longitudinal study with two objectives: first, to document the prevalence of experiences of physical and psychological violence suffered by children and adolescents; and second, to analyze the life cycle factors […]
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“Cualquier cosa nos puede pasar”. Cuando la violencia marca el ciclo de vida de las niñas en el Perú
2019 Vanessa Rojas
This qualitative study aims to highlight the multiple and persistent forms of violence that Peruvian girls can experiment from childhood to adolescence, as well as the resources they have to respond to it. In addition, the purpose of this brief is to approach the complex relationship that exists between the individual, familiar and community spaces, as […]
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Discrimination in Latin America: An Elephant in the Room?
2007,
Este trabajo investiga la evidencia de discriminación en América Latina y muestra que hay una percepción generalizada de discriminación, especialmente en contra del pobre, el no instruído y aquellos que carecen de conecciones. Los canales a través de los cuales la discriminación ocurre se construyen en base a factores económicos. Sin embargo, mientras las encuestas […]
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Brechas salariales por género y etnicidad en Guatemala desde una perspectiva de comparaciones emparejadas
2007,
Los autores analizan las brechas salariales atribuibles al sexo y la etnicidad en Guatemala entre 2000 y 2006. Se hallan brechas salariales pronunciadas a lo largo tanto de dimensiones sexuales como étnicas. Las brechas salariales en Guatemala obedecen parcialmente a diferencias de características del capital humano, especialmente educación, entre grupos indígenas y no indígenas, y […]
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Ethnic and Gender Wage Gaps in Ecuador
2009,
Returns to labor for workers with similar endowments of productive characteristics in Ecuador are influenced by two characteristics that, arguably, should play no role on the determination of wages: gender and ethnicity. The authors analyzes wage gaps due to both characteristics in Ecuador for the period 2003-2007, applying a matching comparisons technique developed in Ñopo […]
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Traditional Excluding Forces: A Review of the Quantitative Literature on the Economic Situation of Indigenous Peoples, Afro-Descendants, and People Living with Disability
2007,
Unequal income distribution in Latin America and the Caribbean is linked to unequal distributions of (human and physical) assets and differential access to markets and services. These circumstances, and the accompanying social tensions, need to be understood in terms of traditional fragmenting forces; the sectors of the population who experience unfavorable outcomes are also recognized […]
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Occupational Training to Reduce Gender Segregation: The Impacts of ProJoven
2007,
The paper discusses program evaluation for ProJoven, the Peruvian youth labor training program. Complementing detailed fieldwork, the econometric work implements a two-stage matching procedure on propensity scores, gender and labor income. This allows identification of differentiated program impacts on males and females and attacks the problem of Ashenfelter’s Dips. The evaluation shows substantial differences in […]
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Projects
News
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Bangkok: Members of GRADE joined the Think Tank Initiative 2018 as panelists and workshop participants
November 26, 2018 Rural development and agriculture, Education and learning, Employment, productivity and innovation, Ethnicity, gender and citizenship, Methodologies for research and evaluation of policy and programmes, Poverty and equality, Natural resources, extractive industries and social conflict, State reform and public institutions, Health and nutrition, Urbanization and sustainable cities
After almost a decade of organizational support, the Think Tank Initiative brought together representatives of think tanks, policymakers, donors and other research-to-policy actors for a final Think Tank Initiative Exchange to mark the last year of the program. This Exchange built on a decade of TTI lessons, experiences and insights on the challenges of building […]
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Is the solution at home?, by Hugo Ñopo
September 25, 2018 Employment, productivity and innovation, Ethnicity, gender and citizenship
“The excess of female responsibilities in homes has huge impacts on the lower possibility of professional development for women”, says Hugo Ñopo, senior researcher at GRADE, in an article published in G de Gestión gathering proposals to set game rules that promote gender equity in the business community.
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Hugo Ñopo’s findings on gender disparities in Peru are highlighted in Gestión
August 31, 2018 Employment, productivity and innovation, Ethnicity, gender and citizenship
A recent research study conducted by Hugo Ñopo, senior researcher at GRADE, reveals that at the time of the birth of the first son or daughter, women’s wages fall close to 10% and over time they do not recover. This and other findings on gender disparities in Peru are highlighted in the newspaper Gestión.
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Hugo Ñopo opinó sobre la cuota de género para conformar listas al Congreso de la República
August 17, 2018 Ethnicity, gender and citizenship
Sorry, this entry is only available in European Spanish.
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PUCP’s weekly highlights Grupo Sofia’s new book on inequality in academia
May 22, 2018 Ethnicity, gender and citizenship
PuntoEdu, the weekly of the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru (PUCP), highlights Grupo Sofia’s new book, “Inequality in academia: women in the Peruvian social sciences“, edited by our senior researchers and members of Sofía, Lorena Alcázar and María Balarin. ►Download the book here. ►Read the full weekly here.
Events
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Presentaciones de investigadores de GRADE en el V Congreso Anual de la Asociación Peruana de Economía APE 2017
11/08/2017 → 12/08/2017 8:00 am - 1:00 pm Universidad de Lima Rural development and agriculture, Education and learning, Employment, productivity and innovation, Ethnicity, gender and citizenship, Methodologies for research and evaluation of policy and programmes, Poverty and equality, Natural resources, extractive industries and social conflict, State reform and public institutions, Health and nutrition
Sorry, this entry is only available in European Spanish.
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Hugo Ñopo will be speaker at Oxford University “A Better Future for Women at Work: Legal and Policy Strategies” International Conference
18/05/2017 3:10 pm - 4:10 pm Harold Lee Room, Pembroke College Employment, productivity and innovation, Ethnicity, gender and citizenship
Despite numerous legal and policy interventions women continue to face significant disadvantage in both formal and informal work. The law, as currently conceived, has been unable to fully achieve women’s equality in the labour force. However, while it is important to question whether we can rely exclusively on the law to fully address the continuing and […]
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Investigadores de GRADE se presentarán en el XXXV Congreso Internacional de la Asociación de Estudios Latinoamericanos LASA 2017 – Diálogos de Saberes
29/04/2017 → 01/05/2017 7:00 am - 9:00 pm Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú Rural development and agriculture, Education and learning, Ethnicity, gender and citizenship, Natural resources, extractive industries and social conflict
Sorry, this entry is only available in European Spanish.
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GRADE’s researchers are speakers and panelists at CIES XXVII Research Annual Seminar 2016
23/11/2016 → 24/11/2016 Hotel Meliá (Av. Salaverry 2599, San Isidro) Employment, productivity and innovation, Ethnicity, gender and citizenship, Natural resources, extractive industries and social conflict
Several of our researchers are speakers and panelists at the CIES XXVII Research Annual Seminar 2016, hold by Economic and Social Research Consortium (CIES), from 22 to 24, November. The meeting brings together researchers from the economic, social and environment sciences, government officials, entrepreneurs, international cooperation and civic society agents around fourteen academic events: thematic research tables and […]
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Lorena Alcázar and Eduardo Zegarra will share findings from empirical studies on gender and public policies in Peru
11/10/2016 9:00 am - 11:00 am Auditorio de GRADE (Av. Almirante Grau 915, Barranco) Ethnicity, gender and citizenship
The Group for the Analysis of Development (GRADE) will discuss the findings of two empirical studies on social policy and gender. The first, “The impacts of Juntos program in empowerment indicators of rural women”, was led by Lorena Alcázar. The second, “Evaluation of a women training program in Cañete”, was undertook by Eduardo Zegarra. Both studies were carried out for […]
- Education and Learning
- Employment, Productivity and Innovation
- Rural Development and Agriculture
- Ethnicity, Gender and Citizenship
- Methodologies for Research and Evaluation of Policy and Programmes
- Poverty and Equity
- Natural Resources, Extractive Industries and Social Conflict
- State Reform and Public Institutions
- Health and Nutrition
- Urbanization and Sustainable Cities