Rural Development and Agriculture
GRADE researchers have a continuing interest in the state of agricultural and livestock production and the impacts of economic policy and reforms on the rural economy in Peru. Studies are carried out into forest economics, the impacts of public infrastructure on the rural economy, the main drivers of private investment, the dynamics of rural employment and migration, and rural financial systems.
Senior Researchers
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Javier Escobal D`Angelo
PhD en Economic Development - Wageningen University
Javier holds a PhD in Economic Development from Wageningen University, in the Netherlands, and a Master’s degree from New York University, where he also carried out doctoral studies in Economics. He is currently a Senior Researcher at GRADE. He is also Co-Researcher in the Young Lives/Niños del Milenio longitudinal study, which follows more than 2000 children during the […]
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Ricardo Fort Meyer
PhD en Economic Development - Wageningen University
Ricardo Fort is an economist with a Master in Applied Economics from the University of Wisconsin-Madison and a PhD in Economic Development from Wageningen University in the Netherlands. He currently works as a Senior Researcher at the Group for the Analysis of Development (GRADE), where he works on projects related to the economic development of […]
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Manuel Glave Testino
PhD en Economics - University of Illinois en Champaign
Manuel Glave has a PhD in Economics from the University of Illinois in Urbana-Champaign. He is a Senior Researcher at GRADE where he specialises in rural development, environmental economics and natural resources, and where he undertakes analysis of public policy relating to agriculture and the environment. He is a Senior Professor in the Department of […]
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Eduardo Zegarra Méndez
PhD en Agricultural and Applied Economics - University of Wisconsin
Eduardo Zegarra is an economist from the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru and has a PhD in Agricultural and Applied Economics from the University of Wisconsin, specializing in rural development and natural resource management. His dissertation explores the workings and failures of the water market in Chile. He has researched and published on a wide […]
Adjunct Researchers
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Elena Borasino Deustua
Master en - Wageningen University
Elena holds a master’s degree in International Development with mention in Development Economics from Wageningen University. Currently she is an Adjunct Researcher at GRADE.
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Mauricio Espinoza Hermoza
PhD candidate en - Wageningen University & Reseach
Mauricio is an Adjunct Researcher at GRADE. He holds a master’s degree in Agriculture, Environment and Regional Economics from Pennsylvania State University and a bachelor’s degree in Economics from the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru. He is currently a PhD candidate in Economic Development at Wageningen University & Reseach in the Netherlands. His areas of […]
External Affiliated Researchers
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Carmen Ponce San Román
PhD en Economics - Pontifical Catholic University of Peru
Carmen Ponce is an External Affiliated Researcher at GRADE and is currently affiliated as Visiting Researcher at the Centre for Research on Latin America and the Caribbean at York University (Toronto, Canada). She has a Ph.D. in Economics from the Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú and a MSc. In Economics from the University of Texas […]
Publications
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JournalSustainability
Evaluating the efficacy of social innovation programming at advancing rural development in the context of exogenous shocks
2024 Mauricio Espinoza, Rodrigo Rivarola, Ricardo Fort, Joshua Fisher
In this paper, we design and deploy an experimental approach to evaluate the efficacy of a social innovation initiative implemented in rural communities situated in the highlands of Peru, which confronted the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic in the midst of its implementation. Using three rounds of information collected before, during, and after participation, […]
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The role of active discussion in learning about uncertain technologies
2024 Aranya Chakraborty, Javier Escobal, Sonia Laszlo, Jim Warnick
The decision to adopt one technology versus another depends on how uncertain the decision maker views each technology. Attitudes towards risk (known probabilities) and ambiguity (unknown probabilities) have been shown to partially explain the observed sub-optimal level of adoption of agricultural technologies in developing countries. While social learning can help resolve associated information frictions and […]
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JournalWorld Development
Global exports draining local water resources: land concentration, food exports and water grabbing in the Ica Valley (Peru)
2024 Andrea Pronti, Eduardo Zegarra, Dolores Rey Vicario, Anil Graves
The agro-export boom is threatening the sustainability of water resources in many regions around the world. This is the case of the Ica valley in Peru, where in the last decades traditional agriculture has been replaced by big agricultural businesses to meet the growing international food demand. This has led to increasing land concentration by […]
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Estrategias de diversificación de ingresos más allá del margen: una mirada a microcosmos rurales con gran minería en los andes rurales
Perspectivas sobre desarrollo y territorio en el nuevo contexto. Homenaje a Efraín Gonzales de Olarte2023 Manuel Glave
Sorry, this entry is only available in European Spanish.
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Agricultura familiar en tiempos de crisis en Perú: diagnósticos y recomendaciones
2023 Eduardo Zegarra, Yeni Vásquez
The purpose of this study is to assess the impacts of the global agrifood crisis on Peruvian family farming, as well as the policy responses and possible alternatives to address it, from the view of agrarian organizations and from a fiscal justice, food and climate perspective. This document presents a comprehensive, quantitative and qualitative assessment […]
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Agricultura familiar en tiempos de crisis en Perú: diagnósticos y recomendaciones
2023
The purpose of this study is to assess the impacts of the global agrifood crisis on Peruvian family farming, as well as the policy responses and possible alternatives to address it, from the view of agrarian organizations and from a fiscal justice, food and climate perspective. This document presents a comprehensive, quantitative and qualitative assessment […]
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COVID-19 y las migraciones de la ciudad al campo en el Perú: identificación de amenazas y oportunidades para el uso sostenible del capital natural
2022
El Perú es uno de los países más fuertemente golpeados por la pandemia del COVID-19 en el mundo. El confinamiento nacional obligatorio que empezó a regir a mediados de marzo de 2020 y fue ampliado en varias oportunidades hasta finales de junio del mismo año, trajo como consecuencia la paralización de diversos sectores económicos y […]
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Infraestructura rural mínima para prosperar
2019
This paper aims to discuss the main elements of a proposal for minimum or indispensable coverage of rural infrastructure to contribute to the prosperity of rural households in Latin America and the Caribbean.
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Los efectos de la migración interna entre el 2007 y el 2014 en el Perú: un análisis a nivel provincial
2016
El propósito del presente estudio es estimar el impacto de los flujos migratorios en el Perú, sobre las zonas de origen y las zonas de destino de los migrantes. Se analiza el efecto sobre cuatro indicadores: el perfil etáreo de la población, la recepción de remesas, el nivel educativo promedio y, finalmente el valor del […]
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The Evolution of Collective Land Tenure Regimes in Pastoralist Societies: Lessons From Andean Countries
2016Gerardo Damonte, Manuel Glave, ,
Much has been said about the importance of pastoralist livelihoods for the effective and sustainable use of the world’s drylands which cover approximately 40% of total land surface. Globally, drylands provide livelihoods to some two billion people, 90% of whom live in developing countries (UN, 2011). Pastoralism is the principle production system exercised in drylands […]
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JournalSustainability
Evaluating the efficacy of social innovation programming at advancing rural development in the context of exogenous shocks
2024
In this paper, we design and deploy an experimental approach to evaluate the efficacy of a social innovation initiative implemented in rural communities situated in the highlands of Peru, which confronted the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic in the midst of its implementation. Using three rounds of information collected before, during, and after participation, […]
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JournalWorld Development
Global exports draining local water resources: land concentration, food exports and water grabbing in the Ica Valley (Peru)
2024
The agro-export boom is threatening the sustainability of water resources in many regions around the world. This is the case of the Ica valley in Peru, where in the last decades traditional agriculture has been replaced by big agricultural businesses to meet the growing international food demand. This has led to increasing land concentration by […]
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JournalThe Journal of Development Studies
Revisiting the Determinants of Non-farm Labour Income in the Peruvian Andes: The Role of Intra-Seasonal Climate Variability and Widespread Family Networks
2023
As previous literature shows, non-farm income represents up to 50 per cent of rural household income in developing countries. Mostly due to a lack of representative information on climate and family networks, two key factors have been excluded in previous studies on income diversification: (i) the role of intra-seasonal climate variability (affected by climate change), […]
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JournalJournal of Development Economics
Land reform and human capital development: Evidence from Peru
2020
The early establishment and persistence of landholding inequality is linked to poor long-run development outcomes. One crucial channel runs through human capital: large landowners historically underinvested in public goods such as schools, restricted workers and their children from to attending school, and extracted surplus from laborers that could have been invested in human capital. By […]
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JournalWorld Development
Challenges in using RCTs for evaluation of large-scale public programs with complex designs: Lessons from Peru
2020
The use of randomized control trials (RCTs) to evaluate public policies and interventions in developing countries faces several challenges. These include limited budgets to finance sample designs and sample sizes required to evaluate multifaceted interventions, potential small-sample bias arising from such limited samples, and difficulties in random assignment when participants self-exclude from parts of the […]
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Estrategias de diversificación de ingresos más allá del margen: una mirada a microcosmos rurales con gran minería en los andes rurales
Perspectivas sobre desarrollo y territorio en el nuevo contexto. Homenaje a Efraín Gonzales de Olarte2023
Sorry, this entry is only available in European Spanish.
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Cerrando, ¿qué brechas?: análisis de la inversión pública en la Amazonía peruana
Perú: el problema agrario en debate. Sepia XIX2022
The study analyzes the relationship between public investment in infrastructure and the closing of gaps in the Peruvian Amazon during the first two decades of the 21st century. This analysis transcends the economic sphere by considering social and environmental dimensions as part of a territorial approach to sustainable development. It is based on the hypothesis […]
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De La Parada al Mercado Mayorista de Santa Anita: efectos sobre los márgenes, competitividad y eficiencia de la cadena de producción y comercialización de la papa
Sepia XVII. Perú: el problema agrario en debate2018
Con el objetivo de enfrentar los problemas de inseguridad, insalubridad y tugurización del mercado mayorista de Lima La Parada, la administración de la Municipalidad Metropolitana de Lima reubicó a los comerciantes en el Gran Mercado Mayorista de Lima, en Santa Anita, el que fue formalmente inaugurado en septiembre del 2012. El objetivo de este estudio […]
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Productividad de la agricultura peruana
Tomando impulso en la agricultura peruana2018
¿Qué tan productiva es la agricultura peruana? ¿Qué ha estado impulsando el crecimiento de la productividad en el sector en los últimos años? ¿Son sostenibles las fuentes tradicionales de crecimiento de la productividad? ¿Existen oportunidades para acelerar el crecimiento de la productividad en el futuro con nuevas fuentes de crecimiento? ¿Y las respuestas a estas […]
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Dovetailing fair trade and organic agro-certifications in Latin America
Fair Trade and Organic Agriculture: A Winning Combination?2018
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Inclusión económica y tributación territorial: el caso de las exoneraciones altonandinas
2018
Aportes para mejorar la efectividad de las políticas dirigidas a impulsar la actividad económica y reducir la pobreza en zonas históricamente menos favorecidas.
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Combinando programas sociales y programas productivos para enfrentar la pobreza extrema en áreas rurales: la evidencia de Haku Wiñay
2016Javier Escobal, Carmen Ponce,
Aportes para el desarrollo de programas orientados a fortalecer capacidades de generación de ingresos autónomos por parte de hogares rurales en situación de pobreza.
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Regímenes de Tenencia Colectiva de la Tierra y Reducción de la Vulnerabilidad de las Sociedades Pastoras del Altiplano
2016Gerardo Damonte,
Este documento ofrece recomendaciones de política pública para ayudar al desarrollo sostenible de sociedades pastoras hechas a partir de una investigación sobre la evolución de los regímenes de tenencia y sus implicancias en la sostenibilidad del sistema de producción pastoril. La evidencia muestra que los regímenes colectivos de tierra generan condiciones para el desarrollo de sistemas productivos sostenibles mientras […]
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Spotlight on organisations: smallholder farmers and rural development
2014Manuel Glave,
Sorry, this entry is only available in European Spanish.
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Spotlight on publications: smallholder farmers and rural development
2014Manuel Glave,
Sorry, this entry is only available in European Spanish.
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Investigación para el desarrollo en el Perú: once balances
2016
Este libro recoge los once balances de investigación presentados en la conferencia Avances Recientes en la Investigación y Políticas para el Desarrollo, organizada en el marco del 35 aniversario del Grupo de Análisis para el Desarrollo (GRADE). Los textos de esta publicación buscan continuar satisfaciendo la demanda de conocimiento dirigida a sostener un debate más […]
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Towards an inclusive and sustainable development in Latin America: dialogue between research and public policies
2016
Esta publicación es resultado del seminario internacional Hacia un Desarrollo Inclusivo y Sostenible en América Latina: Diálogos entre Investigación y Políticas Públicas, organizado por el Grupo de Análisis para el Desarrollo (GRADE) y el Instituto de Estudios Peruanos (IEP), el 25 y 26 de junio de 2014. Representa un esfuerzo de recopilación de lo más relevante y valioso […]
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Industrias extractivas y desarrollo rural territorial en los Andes peruanos. Los dilemas de la representación política y la capacidad de gestión para la descentralización
2016Manuel Glave, Gerardo Damonte,
Durante las últimas décadas, en el Perú se han producido cambios significativos en las formas de organización y representación local. Estos cambios han afectado el desarrollo de las políticas territoriales en el contexto de proyectos mineros a gran escala. El país ha hecho esfuerzos para contribuir a la gestión del territorio, para lo cual ha […]
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Combinando protección social con generación de oportunidades económicas: una evaluación de los avances del programa Haku Wiñay
2016Javier Escobal, Carmen Ponce,
El objetivo de este volumen es proveer evidencia rigurosa de los impactos iniciales que ha tenido el proyecto Mi Chacra Emprendedora-Haku Wiñay en una muestra representativa de sus ámbitos de intervención en la sierra rural. El primer capítulo del libro sitúa el proyecto en el marco de las intervenciones que combinan programas de fomento productivo […]
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The role of active discussion in learning about uncertain technologies
2024
The decision to adopt one technology versus another depends on how uncertain the decision maker views each technology. Attitudes towards risk (known probabilities) and ambiguity (unknown probabilities) have been shown to partially explain the observed sub-optimal level of adoption of agricultural technologies in developing countries. While social learning can help resolve associated information frictions and […]
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Auge agroexportador en el Perú: un análisis de sobrevivencia de productos y empresas
2019
This study presents a survival analysis for products and firms in the agroexport boom of Peru in the last three decades. The main goal is to identify explanatory factors which can be useful for public policies. The findings support strategies of scaling up and diversifying export markets, with a promotion role for the State in […]
Projects
- Evaluation: Impact of DEG/OeEB investments on its clients, their employees and local communitiesOctober 2024
- Sustainability of artisanal mining in Madre de DiosSeptember 2024
- Final evaluation of the cooperative development program “Strengthening the competitiveness of farmers’ cooperatives”.June 2024
- Sub-Award Agreement for the Andes-Amazon Biodiverse LandscapeFebruary 2024
- Consulting services for the execution of components 2 and 3 of the project “Evidence based foundations to accelerate the allocation of capital towards public good in Peru and catalyze an impact-focused economy”January 2024
- National Conference “Food Safety in Food Markets: Approaches from the Biological and Social Sciences”.March 2023
- Formulation of the Regional Research AgendaNovember 2022
- Infrastructure for rural developmentApril 2022
- Design and implementation of a performance index for public investment management at the three levels of governmentOctober 2020
- COVID-19 and migration from the city to the countryside in Peru: Identification of threats and opportunities for the sustainable use of natural capitalOctober 2020
News
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Eduardo Zegarra shares his opinion on the implications of the Chlimper Law. Via the Regional Communication Network
December 5, 2024 Rural development and agriculture
“Between 4000-5000 companies, for example, are under the agrarian regime, but only 150 receive more than 92% of the tax benefits of this rule. There is no benefit for family agriculture, which is often at the subsistence level, because it basically does not pay income tax”. Eduardo Zegarra, senior researcher at GRADE, comments on the […]
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Eduardo Zegarra shares his opinion on the new agrarian law. Via Caretas
December 5, 2024 Rural development and agriculture
Eduardo Zegarra, Senior Researcher at GRADE, warns that “the new agrarian law approved by the Agrarian Commission of Congress could cost the State close to S/20,000 million in a period of ten years, from 2025 to 2035”. Read the complete article in Caretas here.
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Eduardo Zegarra in the regional newspaper El Búho: the Peruvian agriculture situation
June 28, 2024 Rural development and agriculture
“We have a technological challenge to develop better food. Peru produces high quality food. Our family farming has the capacity to produce quite nutritious food, but its productivity is low. In many cases, producers have to take refuge in low value-added products and low income generation. We have to break this trap of low productivity […]
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Eduardo Zegarra: Urban-rural relations in Latin America
April 29, 2024 Rural development and agriculture
“For me, the most serious aspect of rural depression is that it expels young people and decapitalizes the rural producers’ sector and makes it unviable. While we can say that the urban-rural relationship has increased, the assymetries and disadvantages for rural dwellers have also increased”. Our senior researcher Eduardo Zegarra shares his thoughts on the evolution […]
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Decapitalization of Peruvian small-scale farming, by Eduardo Zegarra
January 2, 2024 Rural development and agriculture
“The overall picture is that of a small-scale farming with declining trends in critical assets (value of livestock stock), but especially in access to fundamental services, with declining access to titling, training, credit and technical assistance, which do not reach more than 10% of farmers nationwide.” In his new article for Noticias SER, our Senior […]
Events
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Eduardo Zegarra to speak in a National Agrarian Confederation conference on family farming
21/06/2024 5:00 pm Facebook de la CNA Rural development and agriculture
On the sidelines of the Peasant’s Day, our Senior Researcher Eduardo Zegarra will present the crisis and current reality of the Peruvian agrarian sector in a National Agrarian Confederation conference on the challenges and opportunities for family farming. The event will be live streamed on CNA’s Facebook.
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Eduardo Zegarra to present study on the challenges and possibilities of family farming at INEI event
15/02/2024 3:00 pm Zoom del INEI Rural development and agriculture
Our Senior Researcher Eduardo Zegarra will present the study “Family Farming in Peru: Challenges and possibilities for its transformation in the context of the Sustainable Development Goals”, carried out within the framework of the National Call for Research 2023 of the National Institute of Statistics and Informatics (INEI). ZOOM Join the Zoom meeting here.
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GRADE researchers join SEPIA XX – Lima 2023
06/11/2023 → 09/11/2023 Campus de la Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina Rural development and agriculture
Our researchers will participate as authors and discussants in the biennial seminar SEPIA XX, which will be held for the first time in Lima. In this edition, the main event of the Permanent Seminar on Agricultural Research is co-organized with the Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina and the Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. In this edition, […]
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Eduardo Zegarra will give a lecture at Universidad Continental on the current situation of the agricultural sector in a context of agrifood crisis
12/09/2023 5:30 pm Web de la Universidad Continental Rural development and agriculture
Our Senior Researcher Eduardo Zegarra will give a lecture on the impacts of the agricultural crisis and the presence of El Niño on farmers and our society. He will also share management alternatives for a sustainable and more competitive agricultural development. The webinar is organized by the Universidad Continental Graduate School. REGISTER ONLINE Sign up […]
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Javier Escobal was a panelist at the presentation of the National Agricultural Survey 2022
24/07/2023 10:00 am Zoom del INEI Rural development and agriculture
“The ENA is still underutilized. It has not been sufficiently exploited to improve the definitions of family farming. Those that are used do not take into account the processes of income generation, which allow us to improve the way we divide family farming with process indicators that we could not have because we relied on […]
- Education and Learning
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- Methodologies for Research and Evaluation of Policy and Programmes
- Poverty and Equity
- Natural Resources, Extractive Industries and Social Conflict
- State Reform and Public Institutions
- Health and Nutrition
- Urbanization and Sustainable Cities
