Ethnicity, Gender and Citizenship
Despite social progress and economic advancement in recent years, different forms of social exclusion persist in Peru, which limit the access to development resources for indigenous peoples and Peruvians of African descent. These communities’ ability to fully realize their social, economic, and civil rights is in turn severely diminished. Along with these forms of social exclusion, various mores and institutions of Peruvian society perpetuate other types of social inequalities based on gender and have resulted in unequal opportunities for men and women in our country.
Both forms of inequality have structural roots that not only manifest themselves in civic and economic life, but also find expression in daily acts of discrimination and violence (physical and symbolic).
In this context, GRADE has produced a corpus of studies that explores the multiple dimensions of these forms of social inequality. The studies seek, above all, to bring these problems to the fore by measuring the magnitude of their impact on society, and in turn, we have created a resource for data and analysis that responds to these inequalities.
Building on these studies, we have begun to explore both the causes and consequences of these forms of exclusion, discrimination, and violence. We additionally conduct advocy with the state to incorporate solutions to these issues into its public policy agenda, and we likewise consult on the design of these policy resolutions..
Senior Researchers
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María Balarin Bonazzi
PhD en Educational Policy - University of Bath
María is a Senior Researcher at the Group for the Analysis of Development (GRADE) where she has a broad portfolio of both applied and academic research. Her applied work focuses on the analysis and qualitative evaluation of educational and social policies, with a special focus on processes of policy implementation. Her academic work has mostly focused […]
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Martín Benavides Abanto (on leave)
PhD en Sociology - Pennsylvania State University
Martín Benavides has a PhD in Sociology from Pennsylvania State University where he also attained a Master’s Degree in Education Policy. He has a degree in Sociology and a BA in Sociology from the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru, and has been a visiting student on issues of social mobility and inequality at Nuffield College […]
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Juan León Jara-Almonte
PhD en - Pennsylvania State University
Juan has a PhD in Educational Theory and Policy and Comparative & International Education from Pennsylvania State University. He holds a Bachelor’s degree in Social Sciences with mention in Economics from the Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Currently, he is a Senior Researcher at GRADE. His research interests are inequality in education, intercultural bilingual education, early […]
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Martín Valdivia Huaringa
PhD en Applied Economics - University of Minnesota
Martin Valdivia has a PhD in Applied Economics from the University of Minnesota. He has worked as a Senior Researcher at GRADE since 1993. His fields of interest include entrepreneurship, financial inclusion, rural development and more recently democratic governance, with publications in journals such as the Review of Economics and Statistics, the Journal of Development […]
Associated Researchers
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Néstor Valdivia Vargas
PhD candidate en Sociology - El Colegio de México
Néstor Valdivia is studying for a PhD in Sociology at El Colegio de México and holds a degree in Sociology from the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru. He is currently an Associate Researcher at GRADE in the fields of poverty and equality, education, the labor market and human development. He has worked on development and […]
External Consultants
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Paulo César Carrasco Fernández
Degree en - Pedro Ruíz Gallo National University
Paulo holds a Degree in Sociology from the National University Pedro Ruiz Gallo in Lambayeque and is a member of the Professional Board of Sociologists in Peru (Colegio de Sociólogos del Perú). Currently he is a Field Supervisor of the Childhood, Violence and Development Project funded by Bernard van Leer Foundation.
Interns
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Andrea Ulloa del Castillo
Graduated en -
Andrea has completed her studies in Economics at the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru. At GRADE, she works as a Research Intern in the “Balancing work and care: towards a better understanding of gender norms in Peru”.
Publications
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JournalJournal of Health Economics
A drop of love? Rainfall shocks and spousal abuse: Evidence from rural Peru
2023 Juan Jose Diaz, Víctor Saldarriaga,
We investigate whether exposure to rainfall shocks affects the experience of physical intimate partner violence (P-IPV) among women in rural areas of the Peruvian Andes. Using data from the Demographic and Health Surveys over 2005–2014, we track changes in the probability that a woman experiences recent instances of P-IPV after being exposed to a rainfall […]
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Desigualdades y violencia de género. Balance de investigación 2016-2021 y agenda de investigación 2021-2026.
Balance de investigación 2016-2021 y agenda de investigación 2021-20262022 Jennie Dador, Wilson Hernández
A más de cuarenta años de la aprobación de la Convención para la eliminación de todas las formas de discriminación contra la mujer y del reconocimiento constitucional de la igualdad entre los sexos en el Perú, es posible dar cuenta de un conjunto de avances normativos, del desarrollo de una institucionalidad especializada que incluye los […]
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Políticas públicas e interculturalidad en el Perú: ¿cómo avanzar en la agenda de la identificación étnica desde el Estado?
El Perú pendiente: ensayos para un desarrollo con bienestar2022 Nestor Valdivia
Valdivia’s essay offers some reflections on the progress and challenges of interculturality in Peru based on the use of the ethnic variable in the formulation of public policie
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Avances y desafíos en la prevención de la violencia contra los niños, niñas y adolescentes en el hogar: una deuda al Bicentenario
El Perú pendiente: ensayos para un desarrollo con bienestar2022 Gabriela Guerrero, Vanessa Rojas
This essay focuses on the analysis of violence against children and adolescents in the home, where they spend most of their time and which is not always a safe environment. The authors highlight the limited progress of policies against violence against children and adolescents in the home. They explain that this is mainly due to […]
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Una mirada crítica a las políticas públicas en materia de violencia de género contra las mujeres
El Perú pendiente: ensayos para un desarrollo con bienestar2022 Wilson Hernández
This essay critically analyzes public policies focused on intimate partner and intimate partner violence against women. The central argument is that the policies have privileged a top-down approach and in doing so have homogenized the target groups, relied on general statistics to describe them, and neglected the subnational context in charge of implementing such policies.
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Vocational and business training to improve women’s labour market outcomes in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review
2018
This Campbell systematic review examines the impact of vocational and business training targeted at women in low- and middle-income countries. The review summarises evidence from thirty-five quantitative studies with an experimental or quasi-experimental design. The review summarises the impact of 30 interventions, containing data from over 80,000 women. The qualitative narrative meta-synthesis includes findings from […]
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Vocational and business training to improve women’s labour market outcomes in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review
2017
This Campbell systematic review examines the impact of vocational and business training targeted at women in low- and middle-income countries. The review summarises evidence from thirty-five quantitative studies with an experimental or quasi-experimental design. The review summarises the impact of 30 interventions, containing data from over 80,000 women. The qualitative narrative meta-synthesis includes findings from […]
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El género y las trayectorias hacia la adultez en el Perú: educación, trabajo y maternidad/paternidad
2017
En este documento examinamos cómo el género afecta las trayectorias educativas, laborales y de maternidad/ paternidad de una muestra de jóvenes que crecen en situación de pobreza en el Perú. Reportamos los resultados y las trayectorias de 26 miembros de la cohorte mayor que participaron en la investigación cualitativa del estudio longitudinal Niños del Milenio […]
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Social protection systems and domestic violence in poor urban contexts: the case of San Juan de Lurigancho
2017
In Peru approximately four out of ten women has suffered from any kind of violence from their partners. In spite of the development of a social protection system in the country, according to the DHS, only 25% of women sought help. This problem of lack of access to the social protection system might be related […]
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Impacts of the Peruvian conditional cash transfer program on women empowerment: a quantitative and qualitative approach
2016
This study aims to identify the effects of the conditional cash transfer program of Peru, Juntos, on women’s empowerment. Although the program does not envisage women’s welfare as an objective per se, women play a key role as they are the main recipients of the cash transfer and are responsible for compliance with the program’s conditions and thus […]
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JournalEthnic and Racial Studies
Dynamics of ethnic and racial self-identification in contemporary Peru
2018
This study has sought to analyse how the social and cultural dynamics of the population are expressed in the recent processes of ethnic self-identification in Peru. Data from 2012 to 2016 Peru National Household survey was used to investigate specifically: (a) on the contribution of the questions about ethnic and racial self-identification included in the […]
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JournalSociology of Race and Ethnicity
Access to Higher Education of Afro-Peruvians: Disentangling the Influence of Skin Color and Social Origins in the Peruvian Stratification System
2018
Despite recent efforts by the Peruvian government to rectify centuries of injustice against Afro-Peruvians, not much is known about the relative influence of discrimination and social origins on Afro-Peruvians’ access to higher education. Using data from the 2014 Specialized Study of Afro-Peruvian Population and logistic regression, the authors examine the influence of skin color and […]
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JournalDevelopment in Practice
Assessing the impacts of a peer-to-peer training programme for women in Peru
2018
This article reports on research that aimed to assess the economic and social impacts of a peer-to-peer training programme targeted to women in Peru, looking at overall and differentiated impacts according to design features, on a sample of 300 women in participant and non-participant communities. The study found significant positive impacts on women’s time devoted […]
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JournalJournal of African Economies
Do Dreams Come True? Aspirations and Educational Attainments of Ethiopian Boys and Girls
2017
Authors use unique individual-level panel data from Ethiopia to investigate the role of aspirations for human-capital investments. More specifically, they investigate how parental and children’s aspirations form and document the relation between early aspirations and educational attainment at the age of 15 and 19. Researchers find that aspirations are predictive of the number of year of schooling completed upon controlling […]
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JournalAssessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice
Classroom composition and its association with students’ achievement and socioemotional characteristics in Peru
2016Santiago Cueto, Juan Leon,
School composition is a topic that has gained increasing attention from researchers over the past few years, as it has been found that the socio-economic characteristics of students are associated with their achievement. However, most research has been cross-sectional and carried out in industrialised countries. In the study, the authors use parental education as a […]
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Las mujeres en las Ciencias Sociales: reflexiones sobre el contexto peruano a partir de una revisión de la literatura internacional
Bajo el radar de Sofía: oportunidades y barreras de las profesionales en el Perú2014Maria Balarin,
Sorry, this entry is only available in European Spanish.
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¿Cómo incluir a los pueblos indígenas andinos? : avances, desafíos y lecciones aprendidas del otorgamiento de derechos de consulta en el Perú y Bolivia
América Latina hacia la Inclusión Social: Avances, aprendizajes y desafíos2014Gerardo Damonte, Manuel Glave,
Sorry, this entry is only available in European Spanish.
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La situación de la educación en Ayacucho: una mirada desde el enfoque basado en los derechos humanos
Educación y conflicto armado ¡Nunca más!: una reflexión desde Ayacucho, a propósito del Informe de Seguimiento a EPT 2011. "Una crisis encubierta: educación y conflicto armado"2011
A general overview is shown, with the main educational indicators in the region, both quantitative and qualitative. It was found that Ayacucho is slightly below the national average. Also, among the most relevant findings, it was found that for the educational community the biggest problem has to do with the figure of the teacher and […]
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Exclusión, identidad étnica y políticas de inclusión social en el Perú: el caso de la población indígena y la población afrodescendiente
Investigación, políticas y desarrollo en el Perú -
Diferencias en el acceso de las mujeres al microcrédito en el Perú e impacto de la tenencia del título de propiedad
Mercado y gestión del microcrédito en el Perú2004Maximo Torero, ,
El presente estudio pretende medir el acceso de las mujeres al microcrédito en el Perú. Asimismo, busca examinar el vínculo entre la distribución por género de los derechos de propiedad y las limitaciones en el acceso de las mujeres peruanas al crédito.
No se han encontrado publicaciones de Ethnicity, Gender and Citizenship en la categoría Policy brief
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Métodos para la investigación con niños: lecciones aprendidas, desafíos y propuestas desde la experiencia de Niños del Milenio en Perú
2010
It is an important contribution to qualitative research on children in Peru for several reasons. The first is that while respecting the inductive nature of qualitative research, the book clearly shows how previous research is taken into account, mainly in terms of the conception of children as the focus of academic interest. Building on previous […]
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Continuity and respect for diversity: strengthening early transitions in Peru
2010
This working paper is part of a series on early transitions from Young Lives, a 15-year longitudinal study of childhood poverty in Ethiopia, India, Peru and Vietnam. It explores the diverse experiences of 28 children from four contrasting communities in Peru as they start school. These detailed case studies highlight common problems: exclusion of certain […]
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Discrimination in Latin America : An Economic Perspective
2010,
The chapters presented in that volume adopt a variety of these methodological tools in order to explore the extent to which discrimination against women and demographic minorities is pervasive in Latin America. In chapter two, Castillo, Petrie, and Torero present a series of experiments to understand the nature of discrimination in urban Lima, Peru. They […]
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Más crecimiento, más equidad: Prioridades de desarrollo en Guatemala
2008,
La estructura y selección de temas de la presente publicación responde, en su mayor parte, a un diagnóstico de crecimiento para Guatemala realizado en 2007, donde se identificaron un conjunto de factores que afectan las posibilidades de desarrollo del país. A lo largo de las páginas hay un reconocimiento tácito de que, si bien todos […]
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Outsiders?: The Changing Patterns of Exclusion in Latin America and the Caribbean
2008,
This report raises a number of fundamental questions about the multidimensional and interrelated nature of social exclusion and moves beyond the traditional emphasis on outcomes and groups to view exclusion as a process that results from societal traits that limit the functionings of the excluded. Using the tools of experimental economics, the report shows the […]
No se han encontrado publicaciones de Ethnicity, Gender and Citizenship en la categoría Mimeo
Projects
- Impacts of the Juntos Program on women’s empoweringOctober 2014
- Support for the Inter-institutional Technical Committee of Ethnicity StatisticsNovember 2013 - October 2013
- Diagnosis on gender-based violence against children and adolescentsAugust 2013 - December 2013
- Development of a methodology to identify Indigenous Peoples for whom the Prior Consultation Act is applicable in the Peruvian Andes.May 2013 - June 2013
- Childhood, violence and developmentJanuary 2013 - December 2013
- Review of the Logical Framework of the National Program against Family ViolenceNovember 2012 - January 2013
- Mapping of micro credit integration experiences with training on gender or domestic violenceNovember 2012
- Causal estimates of intangible costs of violence against women in Latin American and The CaribbeanSeptember 2012 - January 2013
- New dilemmas in public analysis and follow-up of ethnic inequality in Peru – IISeptember 2012 - April 2014
- Indicators on violence against children in PeruMay 2012 - January 2013
News
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Opinion Article, Media GRADE, GRADE frente al COVID-19
Being a Woman in Peru: Presentation and abstract, by Hugo Ñopo
March 4, 2022 Employment, productivity and innovation, Ethnicity, gender and citizenship
“Inequality in access to resources generated by work is enormous: the salary mass generated by men doubles the salary mass generated by women, and this has changed very little in the last two decades.” Hugo Ñopo, Senior Researcher at GRADE, summarizes the chapters of his new book “Ser Mujer en el Perú” (written together with Josefina Miró Quesada) […]
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Wilson Hernández in Latina: To ban motorcycles or not?
February 20, 2022 Ethnicity, gender and citizenship
INEI data show that 40% of money, wallet or cell phone thefts are committed on a motorcycle. 30% of these robberies, in mototaxi. In some cities of Colombia they prohibited carrying a companion on a motorcycle or even the circulation of it. That study revealed that “in effect crime is reduced, but it is very […]
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Wilson Hernández shares his opinion on the authorization of the Armed Forces to support the Police to fight crime
November 3, 2021 Ethnicity, gender and citizenship
“Although the people of the Armed Forces can generate a sense of protection for us, they do not judge, they are not going to put anyone in jail, and, in reality, they are a very short-term solution to a problem that is structural in the Callao and other parts of the country”. Our adjunct researcher Wilson Hernández […]
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Gender equity at work: what works and what doesn’t, by Hugo Ñopo, Sofía Hidalgo and Jerson Veliz
September 17, 2021 Education and learning, Ethnicity, gender and citizenship
What works and what doesn’t to advance gender equality at work? The new article by Hugo Ñopo, Sofía Hidalgo and Jerson Veliz for the blog Foco Economico recounts various initiatives, the effectiveness of which has been documented in the literature.
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Military Service for NEETs: Policy Based on Prejudice or Evidence ?, by María Fernanda Rodríguez and Cristina Glave
August 12, 2021 Ethnicity, gender and citizenship
“The reasons that lead the vast majority of these young people to this situation are linked to structural problems such as job insecurity, poverty and gender inequalities.” Our Adjunct Researcher Maria Fernanda Rodríguez and Cristina Glave, associated at APOYO Consultoría, write in OjoPúblico about the fact that President Pedro Castillo announced in his inaugural speech that NEETs […]
Events
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GRADE’s researchers will join the 2021 CIES Research Annual Seminar
13/12/2021 → 17/12/2021 10:30 am - 6:15 pm Zoom del CIES Education and learning, Ethnicity, gender and citizenship
From December 13 to 17, several GRADE researchers will be speakers, chairs and discussants at the XXXII CIES 2021 Annual Research Seminar. The event, organized by the Consortium for Economic and Social Research (CIES), will address the question How overcome the challenges of the Bicentennial towards sustainable development? From the three-day program, below are the sessions in […]
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Lorena Alcázar will be a panelist in a Minedu, Senaju and UNFPA virtual forum on youth and adolescents in pandemic
28/10/2021 10:00 am Facebook Senaju y UNFPA Perú Ethnicity, gender and citizenship
In Peru, youth suffer a series of disadvantages and vulnerabilities that have been exacerbated by the pandemic. The situation has been even more critical for those in a situation of special protection (rural, indigenous, Afro-Peruvian, LGBITQ +, with disabilities, among others). The Ministry of Education (Minedu), the National Secretariat for Youth (SENAJU) and the United […]
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Lorena Alcázar will be a panelist at a PNUD dialogue on local governance to address gender-based violence through community action
28/10/2021 3:00 pm - 4:00 pm Zoom de PNUD Perú Ethnicity, gender and citizenship
Our Senior Researcher Lorena Alcázar will join the presentation of the methodological notebook “Local governance to address gender-based violence through community action. Case: The Justa network of leaders”, prepared by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP). This methodological notebook proposes a set of steps for the creation and strengthening of networks of organizations of women leaders […]
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Ricardo Fort joined a COVID-19 Responses for Equity CORE Initiative international panel
23/06/2021 8:00 am Zoom CORE Initiative Ethnicity, gender and citizenship, Urbanization and sustainable cities
Our Senior Researcher Ricardo Fort joined an IDRC and IDS COVID-19 Responses for Equity (CORE) Initiative international discussion. GRADE is member of the CORE initative. The event explored learnings from approaches to identifying, assessing, and pursuing opportunities to influence policy decisions and changes in practice. Co-hosted by Southern Voice and IDS, saught to enhance efforts to inform […]
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GRADE’s researchers join the CIES Research Seminar on social policies
16/06/2021 → 17/06/2021 10:30 am Zoom CIES Ethnicity, gender and citizenship
On Thursday 17th, our adjunct researcher Wilson Hernández will present “Impact of Line 100 of the MIMP”, as part of the research seminar on social policies of the Consortium for Economic and Social Research (CIES). Hugo Ñopo, Senior Researcher at GRADE, will join the discussion panel. On Wednesday 16, Gabriela Arrunátegui, former GRADE’s research assistant, and Micaela Giesecke […]
- Education and Learning
- Employment, Productivity and Innovation
- Rural Development and Agriculture
- Ethnicity, Gender and Citizenship
- Methodologies for Research and Evaluation of Policy and Programmes
- Poverty and Equity
- Natural Resources, Extractive Industries and Social Conflict
- State Reform and Public Institutions
- Health and Nutrition
- Urbanization and Sustainable Cities