Employment, Productivity and Innovation
The main objective of various projects carried out at GRADE in this area has been to assess the economic impacts of labor legislation and its effects on the hiring of temporary workers, on employment rotation and mobility, or non-salary labor costs and on the demand for formal employment. Additional issues include the insertion of youth in the labor market, self-employment rates, the role of micro and small-scale enterprises in employment generation, and policies for driving innovation in the country.
Senior Researchers
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Juan José Díaz Noziglia
PhD en Economics - University of Maryland
Juan José Díaz has a PhD in Economics from the University of Maryland. He is currently a Senior Researcher at GRADE. His interests include the labor economy and evaluating social, educational, health and development programs.
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Miguel Jaramillo Baanante
PhD en History - University of California
Miguel Jaramillo has a degree in Economics from the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru. He completed his graduate studies in Economics and History at the University of California, where he received a PhD in History. His areas of interests are labor economics, social policy and institutional analysis. He is currently a Senior Researcher at GRADE. […]
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Máximo Torero Cullen (de licencia)
PhD en Economics - University of California, Los Angeles
Maximo received a PhD from the University of California at Los Angeles, Department of Economics and held a postdoctoral fellow position at the UCLA Institute for Social Science Research (ISSR). Currently, he is the Chief Economist of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Prior to joining FAO, he was the World Bank Group Executive Director for […]
External Affiliated Researchers
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Sonia Laszlo
PhD en - University of Toronto
Sonia Laszlo is Associate Professor of Economics and Director of the Institute for the Study of International Development. Her main research areas cover many aspects of applied microeconomic analysis in economic development: rural development, access to markets, and the relationship between income, health and education in economic development. In addition to using traditional analytic tools […]
Visiting Researchers
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Alessandro Goglio
PhD en - Graduate Institute of International Studies
Alessandro is a senior international economist with extensive experience advising governments on long-term reforms, policies, and programs, particularly in the areas of social and labor market reforms. He currently teaches Public Economics at LIUC Università Cattaneo (Castellanza, Italy), School of Economics, following thirty years at the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) in Paris. […]
Publications
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JournalInternational Labour Review
Revisiting the stepping-stone hypothesis: Transitions from temporary to permanent contracts in Peru
2023 Miguel Jaramillo, Daniela Campos
This study seeks to gauge the extent to which temporary contracts function as stepping stones to permanent contracts and to distinguish intrafirm from interfirm contract conversions. Using 2012–2016 data from a Peruvian matched employer–employee database, the authors propose several measures of contract conversion and estimate duration models. Their findings show that only 7 per cent […]
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JournalThe Journal of Politics.
Do Political Preferences Affect Policy Learning and Uptake? Evidence from a Field Experiment with Informal Entrepreneurs
2023 Cesar Zucco, Anna-Katharina Lenz, Rafael Goldszmidt, Martin Valdivia
We examine whether political preferences affect uptake and learning about government programs in the context of Brazil’s Individual Microentrepreneur Program, which offers subsidized access to social security coverage and business-related incentives. We fielded a randomized intervention that provided one-on-one consultancy and assistance to informal entrepreneurs. Treatment increased formalization rates, but we found only weak evidence […]
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Promoviendo el empleo y la empleabilidad durante el COVID-19: evaluación de cuatro experiencias en América Latina
2023 Lorena Alcazar, Miguel Jaramillo, Fernando Távara
The COVID-19 pandemic and the measures to control it had a strong impact on the Latin American labor market. As a result of this crisis, the region experienced a rapid decline in its employed population and a significant rise in unemployment, which hit women and youth the hardest. In this context, Latin American countries implemented […]
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Mejorando la empleabilidad de mujeres urbanas vulnerables en tiempos de pandemia en el Perú: evaluación experimental del componente de capacitación virtual en un programa de empleo temporal
2023 Lorena Alcazar, Shirley Huerta
Este documento evalúa el impacto de un programa de capacitaciones otorgado de manera aleatoria a beneficiarios del programa de empleo temporal Trabaja Perú (TP). Este experimento ofrece la oportunidad de examinar el impacto de la intervención dirigida hacia mujeres vulnerables en un contexto particular de alto desempleo como el generado por el COVID-19. El estudio […]
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Employment protection legislation and on-the-job training in an informal labor market: evidence from Peru
2022 Miguel Jaramillo, Bruno Escobar
Training and learning on the job are two critical channels for human capital accumulation during work years. Several studies in developed countries have found that fixed-term contract (FTC) workers receive less training sponsored by their employers than openended contract (OEC) workers do. In contrast, FTC workers participate more actively in informal learning during their job […]
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Políticas de protección social y laboral en el Perú. Una espiral de buenas intenciones, malos resultados y peores respuestas
2021
The legislation stipulates that, with some exceptions, all workers and their family members are covered by a social safety net that is financed by contributions from employers and workers. This legislation, to a large extent, is violated and to another extent has exceptions. As a result, most workers do not enjoy contributory social protection. The […]
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Savings Groups Reduce Vulnerability, but Have Mixed Effects on Financial Inclusion
2020
This paper evaluates the impact of the introduction of savings groups on poverty, vulnerability, and financial inclusion outcomes in rural Peru. Using a cluster randomized control trial and relying on both survey and administrative records, researchers investigate the impact of savings groups after more than two years of exposure. The authors find that savings groups […]
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Savings Groups Reduce Vulnerability, but have Mixed Effects on Financial Inclusion
2020
This paper evaluates the impact of the introduction of savings groups on poverty, vulnerability, and financial inclusion outcomes in rural Peru. Using a cluster randomized control trial and relying on both survey and administrative records, researchers investigate the impact of savings groups over a two year period. The authors find that savings groups channel expensive […]
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El Coronavirus y los retos para el trabajo de las mujeres en América Latina
2020
The Coronavirus pandemic has spread throughout the world and Latin America has not escaped its health, economic and social impacts. The economic strike resulting from a combination of astringent measures (self-quarantines, mandatory quarantines, limited capacity of people in commercial premises, factories and offices, border closures, etc.), is generating profound economic and social impacts. In the […]
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Poor education and precarious jobs in Peru: Understanding who is left behind and why
2020
Given the large inequalities in Peru, fulfilling the ’leave no one behind’ UN 2030 Agenda commitment might become the country’s largest challenge to SDG implementation. In light of this, understanding who is left behind, and why, gains particular importance. This study uses a mixed methodological approach to provide a baseline of the left behind in […]
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JournalJournal of Development Economics
The value of redistribution: Natural resources and the formation of human capital under weak institutions
2020
Researchers exploit time and spatial variation generated by the commodities boom to measure the effect of natural resources on human capital formation in Peru, a country with low governance indicators. Combining testscores from over two million students and district-level administrative data of mining taxes redistributed to localgovernments, they find sizable effects on student learning from […]
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Journaleconomíaunam
The impact of Covid-19 on the Peruvian economy
2020
Potential impacts on labor incomes of Peruvian homes are analyzed. Although it is still uncertain the magnitude and duration of the economic shock those homes deal with, our approach focus attention on this research question: how prepared are the Peruvian homes for shocks as the one they are dealing with these days? What impacts are […]
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JournalJournal of International Development
Health Impacts of a Public–Private Partnership Rural Roads Maintenance Programme
2018
The authors provide evidence of health impacts of a public-private rural roads maintenance programme in Peru, which is characterized by a contracting mechanism that employs small local firms. Using a difference‐in‐differences approach, they find that improved roads connectivity leads to positive health externalities.
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JournalJournal on Education in Emergencies
Can Teacher Training Programs Influence Gender Norms? Mixed-Methods Experimental Evidence from Northern Uganda
2017
This mixed-methods cluster-randomized controlled trial examines the impact of a teacher-training program that aimed to promote positive gender socialization in the conflict-affected region of Karamoja, Uganda. The theory of change suggests that the education system and teachers can play critical roles in promoting positive gender roles and gender equality, which has important implications for peacebuilding. […]
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Journal IZA Journal of Labor & Development
Psychosocial competencies and risky behaviours in Peru
2017
The authors use a unique longitudinal dataset from Peru to investigate the relationship between psychosocial competencies related to the concepts of self-esteem, self-efficacy, and aspirations, and a number of risky behaviours at a crucial transition period between adolescence and early adulthood. First of all, they document a high prevalence of risky behaviours with 1 out of […]
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Understanding the Role of the Couple in Key Decisions and Actions of the Female Entrepreneur in Peru
Measuring women’s economic empowerment: Lessons from South America2017
For this study, the author analyzed two variants of the question about the extent to which women evidence agency: women’s participation in making key business decisions and men’s participation in carrying out household chores in urban Peru. The objective of the analysis was to understand in a better way the relationship between women entrepreneurs and their […]
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La carrera docente en el Perú
Investigación para el desarrollo en el Perú: once balances2016
This chapter examines recent advances and the remaining challenges in the teaching career in Peru. We explore the conditions of those studying to become teachers: their initial training, job access, and working conditions as teachers. To do this, we review both the national literature as well as part of the Latin American literature, and explore […]
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Diez años Juntos: un balance de la investigación del impacto del programa de transferencias condicionadas del Perú sobre el capital humano
Investigación para el desarrollo en el Perú: once balances2016
Juntos is the Peruvian government’s conditional cash transfer program. In recent years, a number of impact evaluations have been carried out with the aim of measuring the effect of Juntos on its conditionalities (the use of health and education services), as well as on the human capital accumulated by the beneficiaries. This study seeks to […]
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Estrategia de ciencia, tecnología, capital humano: innovación y productividad para el desarrollo
Estrategias para el Desarrollo Económico y Social del Perú2016
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Productividad y apertura comercial en el Perú
Productividad en el Perú: medición, determinantes e implicancias2016, , Alan Sanchez, ,
Sorry, this entry is only available in European Spanish.
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Apego al terruño: La geografía de los mercados laborales de docentes
2015Miguel Jaramillo,
Sorry, this entry is only available in European Spanish.
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Spotlight on organisations: smallholder farmers and rural development
2014Manuel Glave,
Sorry, this entry is only available in European Spanish.
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Spotlight on publications: smallholder farmers and rural development
2014Manuel Glave,
Sorry, this entry is only available in European Spanish.
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Land grabbing in Latin America: opportunity or threat?
2014Gerardo Damonte,
Sorry, this entry is only available in European Spanish.
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Latin America’s rural family farmers: evolutions in access to markets and rural income structure
2014, Manuel Glave,
Sorry, this entry is only available in European Spanish.
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¿Qué sabemos sobre los programas y políticas de primer empleo en América Latina?
2015, Juan Jose Diaz, ,
Sorry, this entry is only available in European Spanish.
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Inclusión social: diálogos entre la investigación y las políticas públicas
2014Martín Benavides, Miguel Jaramillo, Santiago Cueto, Gabriela Guerrero, Juan Leon, Nestor Valdivia, Lorena Alcazar, Manuel Glave, Maria Balarin, Juan Jose Diaz, Juana Kuramoto, Gerardo Damonte,
Esta publicación recoge el espíritu del seminario internacional "Cambios Institucionales para un Estado más Inclusivo" (julio de 2012), y apunta a lo más relevante y valioso de cada exposición, intervención y comentario.
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New Century, Old Disparities : Gender and Ethnic Earnings Gaps in Latin America and the Caribbean
2012,
Despite sustained economic growth at the end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century, Latin America and the Caribbean still faces high inequality and weak indicators of well-being among certain population groups. Women, people of African ancestry, and indigenous peoples are often at the bottom of the income distribution. The share of […]
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La era de la productividad: Cómo transformar las economías desde sus cimientos
2010,
“La era de la productividad” describe de qué manera la baja productividad de América Latina y el Caribe impide que la región se ponga a la par de los países del mundo desarrollado. Los autores indagan más allá de las explicaciones macroeconómicas tradicionales y profundizan hasta llegar al nivel de las industrias y las empresas […]
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Discrimination in Latin America : An Economic Perspective
2010,
The chapters presented in that volume adopt a variety of these methodological tools in order to explore the extent to which discrimination against women and demographic minorities is pervasive in Latin America. In chapter two, Castillo, Petrie, and Torero present a series of experiments to understand the nature of discrimination in urban Lima, Peru. They […]
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La medición del empleo y los ingresos en El Salvador
1998,
La consultoría ha evaluado y analizado la información del módulo de empleo e ingresos de la Encuesta de Propósitos Múltiples que aplica División de Información Social de la DIGESTYC- El Salvador.
Projects
- Rebuilding to improve: opportunities from the crisis for sustainable and inclusive improvements in food security, labor markets and social protectionJuly 2020
- Reintegration and permanence in the labor market with gender equality : scope and limitations of the Cuna Más Day Care Service for young mothers in LimaJanuary 2020
- Inequality of opportunity in Peru: How can young people develop relevant skills and find decent employment in a rapidly changing job market?December 2018
- Poor education and precarious jobs in Peru: understanding who is left behind and whyJune 2019
- Adjusting parameters contained in Altman Model Z to Peru’s economic realityOctober 2017
- Adapting parameters contained in the Model Z of Altman to the reality of the Peruvian economyOctober 2017
- Institutions and competitiveness: the case of Lima’s wholesale marketsOctober 2017
- Current labor intermediation services in the sidelines of the New Job Opportunities program for young peopleMarch 2017
- Analyzing the budget impact of the proposal for a new human resources remuneration policy in Health sector in PeruJanuary 2017
- Soft skills, occupational decisions and use of credit among microfinance clientsNovember 2017
News
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Goodbye demographic bonus: the sudden aging of the Peruvian labor market, by Miguel Jaramillo
June 17, 2024 Employment, productivity and innovation
“The size of the drop in labor supply is similar to that of the drop in youth employment. Thus, the propensity to hire young people has not changed, but the supply of young people in the labor market has fallen. The causes of this lie in the conjuncture, not in some structural factor.” Our senior […]
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Labour day: Miguel Jaramillo shares his thoughts on the state of the labour market in Peru
May 2, 2024 Employment, productivity and innovation
“I would not say that the employment has improved, but it has worsened in relation to pre-pandemic. Underemployment grew by more than 50%, the participation of young people in the labour market has fallen sharply and incomes have barely been able to keep up with inflation, thanks to the formal sector”. Our Senior Researcher Miguel Jaramillo and other experts share […]
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Regional Heterogeneities in Labor Markets: A World to Explore, by Miguel Jaramillo
April 1, 2024 Employment, productivity and innovation
“It is not necessarily the largest cities where the highest activity rates are observed. In fact, Metropolitan Lima, by far the largest city in the country, is toward the middle of the distribution, with two-thirds of its working-age population active in the labor market.” Our senior researcher Miguel Jaramillo writes about the importance of having […]
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The labor market in 2023, on a downward path, by Miguel Jaramillo
January 15, 2024 Employment, productivity and innovation
“At the end of the third quarter, according to the Permanent National Employment Survey, the labor force was stagnant, while inactivity had increased considerably, particularly in rural areas, where it increased by 20%.” Our Senior Researcher Miguel Jaramillo analyzes the labor market in 2023 and shares his expectations for this new year. Read his full […]
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Miguel Jaramillo’s opinion on the OECD’s recommendations for Peru in labor matters
September 29, 2023 Employment, productivity and innovation
“Social security is only 9% of non-wage costs. The analysis is correct, but politically it is not very viable. Lately they are aiming for more vacations and higher minimum salaries”. Our Senior Researcher Miguel Jaramillo gave his opinion on the proposals of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) for 2026 in labor matters. […]
Events
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Miguel Jaramillo was a panelist at the National Youth Employability Convention
01/06/2023 9:45 am - 10:25 am Moquegua Employment, productivity and innovation
Our Senior Researcher Miguel Jaramillo participated today in the National Youth Employability Convention, organized by the Moquegua Regional Government, the Inter-American Development Bank and Anglo American Quellaveco. Miguel was part of a panel that discussed the challenges of Peruvian employability and good practices at the national level. EVENT WEBSITE Check the agenda of the event […]
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Miguel Jaramillo and Ricardo Fort participated in the Core Covid’s global & regional learning event in Dakar
17/01/2023 → 19/01/2023 Dakar, Senegal Employment, productivity and innovation, Ethnicity, gender and citizenship
Our Senior Researchers Miguel Jaramillo and Ricardo Fort participated in the Covid-19 Responses for Equity Core Covid global & regional learning event held last week by the International Development Research Centre (IDRC) and the Institute of Development Studies in Dakar, Senegal. The meeting aimed to discuss synergies and strengthen plans to turn research into action […]
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Seminario internacional Inclusión laboral con enfoque de género en respuesta al COVID-19 en Latinoamérica
24/11/2022 9:00 am - 11:00 am Zoom y Facebook de GRADE Employment, productivity and innovation, Ethnicity, gender and citizenship
El Grupo de Análisis para el Desarrollo (GRADE) tiene el agrado de invitarle al seminario internacional Inclusión laboral con enfoque de género en respuesta al COVID-19 en Latinoamérica. El seminario virtual propone debatir en torno a intervenciones para promover el empleo en el contexto económico afectado por la pandemia, así como discutir propuestas y recomendaciones de […]
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CIES 2022: Miguel Jaramillo to discuss the keynote lecture by UN’s High-level Advisory Board member
04/11/2022 8:45 am Web del CIES Employment, productivity and innovation
The Consortium for Economic and Social Research organize the keynote lecture by UN High-level Advisory Board member, Jayati Ghosh, “Informal Employment and Gender in Post-Pandemic Developing Countries”, as part of the CIES 2022 Research Seminar. Miguel Jaramillo (GRADE) and Leda Pérez (UP) will be discussants. SIGN UP Admission is free prior registration here.
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Miguel Jaramillo joined an OIT webinar on labour transitions and income dynamics in Latin America
29/09/2022 → 30/09/2022 8:00 am Zoom de la OIT Employment, productivity and innovation
Miguel Jaramillo, Senior Researcher at GRADE, and Daniela Campos, from University of Wisconsin, joined the webinar “Labour transitions and income dynamics in Latin America”, held by the International Labour Organization (ILO). The two-day event brought together academics, researchers and specialists to discuss these issues in the region. 17 articles were presented in 5 sessions where […]
- Education and Learning
- Employment, Productivity and Innovation
- Rural Development and Agriculture
- Ethnicity, Gender and Citizenship
- Methodologies for Research and Evaluation of Policy and Programmes
- Poverty and Equity
- Natural Resources, Extractive Industries and Social Conflict
- State Reform and Public Institutions
- Health and Nutrition
- Urbanization and Sustainable Cities
